An approximate set of exercises for developing

Gymnastics of lips and cheeks

1. Inflate both cheeks at the same time.

2. Inflating the right and left cheeks alternately (distillation
air from one cheek to the other).

3. Retraction of the cheeks into the oral cavity between the teeth, lips
pulled forward.

4. Alternate inflation and retraction of the cheeks.

5. Grin: lips with clenched jaws are strongly stretched
to the sides, up, down, exposing both rows of teeth, tightly clinging to the gums, and then calmly close again.

6. Proboscis followed by grin with clenched jaws.

7. Grin with opening and closing of the mouth and subsequent
closing lips.

8. Grin: a) grin, jaws closed; b) open your mouth with os
hardened teeth; c) close the jaws; d) close your lips.

9. Grin with a still open mouth, followed by
closing the lips of both rows of teeth.

10. With the jaws wide open, the lips retract
inside the mouth, tightly pressed against the teeth.

11. Raising tightly compressed lips up (towards the nose) and lowering them down with tightly clenched jaws.

12. Raising the upper lip; only the upper ones are exposed
teeth.

13. Pulling down the lower lip; only the lower teeth are exposed.

14. Lip vibration (horse snorting).

15. Movement of the lips with the proboscis to the left, to the right; as well as stretched lips.

16. Rotational movement of the lips with the proboscis: up, to the left,
down, right; first, the movements are performed separately, then
together.

17. With clenched jaws, tightly closed lips rise to the nose and fall to the chin. Breathing through the nose.

18. Strengthening the lips with silent pronunciation:

a) consonant p-p-p;

b) vowels y, o, i.

Organs of articulation. When pronouncing the sound sh, the lips are rounded and slightly extended forward (before the next vowel). a rounding is minimal, before s (s) there may or may not be rounding. The teeth are close together, but not in contact, the distance between them is 2-5 mm, the upper and lower incisors are visible. The wide tip of the tongue is raised to the alveoli or the anterior part of the hard palate and forms a gap with them. The front part of the back of the tongue is wide, raised to the palate behind the alveoli (resembles the shape of the front edge of the scoop), but does not touch the palate, but forms a gap with it. The middle part of the back of the tongue is lowered, bending downwards (the recess in the middle forms, as it were, the bottom of the "scoop"). The back of the back of the tongue rises towards the soft palate and is pulled back. The lateral edges of the tongue are pressed against the upper molars and do not let the outgoing air flow through the sides. The soft palate is pressed against the back wall of the pharynx and closes the passage to the nasal cavity. The vocal cords are not tense, apart, the voice is not formed. The air jet is strong, wide, warm, easily felt with the back of the hand brought to the mouth.

When making sound well the same articulation as in the formation of sh; it is supplemented by the work of closed and oscillating vocal folds that produce the voice. The exhaled air stream is somewhat weaker, and the gap between the tip of the tongue and the hard palate is smaller than when sh.

Sound SCH in Russian it is pronounced as a long soft fricative sibilant. When pronouncing it, the lips are rounded and slightly pushed forward. The wide tip of the tongue is raised to the level of the upper teeth (lower than when pronouncing sh). The front part of the back of the tongue sags somewhat, the middle part rises to the hard palate, the back part is lowered and moved forward. The language is tense. The palatine curtain is raised, the vocal folds are open. A strong stream of air passes through two gaps: between the middle part of the back of the tongue and the hard palate and between the tip of the tongue and the front teeth or alveoli. A complex noise is produced, higher than with sound sh.

When making a sound h lips, as when pronouncing all hissing, rounded and elongated. The sound has a complex lingual articulation: it begins with a stop element (as in the sound T). The tip of the tongue is lowered and touches the lower incisors. The front part of the back of the tongue is pressed against the upper incisors or alveoli, its middle part is curved towards the hard palate. The whole language is somewhat moving forward. The sound ends with a short slit (as in the sound SCH). The boundary between the explosive and slotted (fricative) elements is not caught either by ear or by articulation, since the elements are merged together. The soft palate is raised and closes the passage to the nose, the vocal cords are open.

The following exercises contribute to the development of the necessary movements of the tongue and the air stream.

1. "Shovel", "Pancake", "Pancake".

2. "Pie".

Target: strengthen the muscles of the tongue, develop the ability to raise the lateral edges of the tongue. The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. The tongue is out. The lateral edges of the shovel-shaped tongue rise up, a depression forms along the middle longitudinal line of the tongue. Hold the tongue in this position under the count from 1 to 5-10. Make sure that the lips do not help the tongue, remain motionless.

3. "Swing".

4. "The tongue steps over the teeth."

5. "Malyar".

Target: develop the upward movement of the tongue, its mobility, the ability to control it.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. With a wide tip of the tongue, stroke the palate, making movements of the tongue back and forth (from the teeth to the throat and back). Make sure that the tongue does not narrow, reaches the inner surface of the upper incisors and does not protrude from the mouth, the lips do not stretch over the teeth, the lower jaw does not move.

6. "Fungus".

Target: strengthen the muscles of the tongue, develop upward movement of the tongue, stretch the hyoid frenulum.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. Press the wide tongue with the entire plane against the palate (the tongue is sucked) and hold in this position by counting from 1 to 5-10. The tongue will resemble a thin cap of a fungus, and the stretched hyoid frenulum will resemble its leg. Make sure that the lateral edges of the tongue are equally tightly pressed against the palate (no half should sag), so that the lips do not stretch over the teeth. When repeating the exercise, the mouth should be opened wider.

7. "Accordion".

Target: strengthen the muscles of the tongue, develop the ability to hold the tongue in a vertical position, stretch the hyoid frenulum.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. Press the wide tongue against the palate (the tongue sticks) and, without lowering the tongue, open and close the mouth. When repeating the exercise, you should try to open your mouth wider and longer in this position. Make sure that when opening the mouth, the lips are in a smile and remain motionless, and the tongue is not prescribed.

8. "Delicious jam."

Target: strengthen the muscles of the tongue, develop the mobility of the tongue, develop a rise in the wide front of the tongue.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. Lick the upper lip with the wide front edge of the tongue, moving the tongue from top to bottom, then pull the tongue into the mouth, towards the center of the palate. Make sure that the tongue does not narrow, when retracting, its lateral edges slide over the molars, and the tip of the tongue is raised. The lips do not stretch over the teeth, the lower jaw does not “plant” the tongue up - it must be motionless.

9. "Cup", "Ladle".

Target: strengthen the muscles of the tongue, develop the rise of the lateral edges and the tip of the tongue, the ability to hold the tongue in this position.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. The tongue is out. The lateral edges and the tip of the tongue are raised, the middle part of the back of the tongue is pubescent, bends down. In this position, keep the tongue counting from 1 to 5-10. Make sure that the lips do not stretch over the teeth, the lower jaw is motionless.

10. "Focus".

Target: develop the ability to hold the lateral edges and the tip of the tongue in a raised state, learn to direct the air stream in the middle of the tongue.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. The tongue is out. The lateral edges and the tip of the tongue are raised, the middle part of the back of the tongue bends down. Holding the tongue in this position, blow off the cotton from the tip of the nose. Make sure that the lower jaw is motionless, the lips do not stretch over the teeth, the fleece flies straight up.

11. Sleigh.

Target: develop the mobility of the tongue, the ability to hold the tongue in the upper position with raised lateral edges.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. The lateral edges of the tongue are tightly pressed against the upper molars, the back bends down, the tip is free. Movement of the tongue back and forth, the lateral edges of the tongue slide over the molars. Make sure that the lower jaw does not move, the lips do not stretch over the teeth.

12. "Speaker".

13. "Fence" - "Speaker" - "Tube".

Target: strengthen the circular muscle of the mouth, develop the ability to quickly change the position of the lips.

The teeth are closed. Lips imitate the pronunciation of sounds i-o-u.

14. Exercise in pronouncing the sounds t "- sh.

Before the sound h it is useful to exercise in alternately pronouncing the sounds t "and SCH. This contributes to the rapid switching of the tongue from one position to another, which is necessary for pronouncing a sound. h. At first, sounds are pronounced slowly, then the tempo accelerates. Make sure children don't say thousand or tesch.

15. "Gorka".

Target: to develop a rise in the anterior-middle part of the back of the tongue, the ability to quickly change the position of the tongue.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. The wide tip of the tongue rests on the lower incisors, and the anterior-middle part of its back first rises until it touches the upper incisors, then falls. Make sure that the lips do not stretch over the teeth, the lower jaw does not move.

Organs of articulation. To make a sound l rather complicated work of various parts of the articulatory apparatus is necessary: ​​the lips are neutral and take a position in; depending on the next vowel; the distance between the upper and lower incisors is 2-4 mm; the tip of the tongue rises and presses against the bases of the upper incisors (but may also occupy a lower position); the front and middle parts of the back of the tongue descend, its root part rises and is pulled back, a spoon-shaped depression forms in the middle; the lateral edges of the tongue are lowered and let the outgoing air stream pass; the exhaled stream of air is weak; the soft palate is raised and closes the passage to the nose; vocal cords vibrate to produce voice.

The articulation of soft l "is different from the articulation of hard l the fact that the lips, when pronounced, are somewhat pulled to the sides (which is characteristic of soft consonants). The anterior-middle part of the back of the tongue rises towards the hard palate and moves forward somewhat, the back of the back of the tongue, together with the root, is significantly advanced and lowered.

The following exercises contribute to the development of the necessary movements of the tongue.

"Punish the naughty tongue."

"Shovel", "Pancake", "Pancake".

"Swing-1".

Target:

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. Put a wide tongue on the outside on the upper lip, then on the lower. Tuck the tip of the tongue as much as possible. Make sure that the tongue does not narrow, the lips do not stretch over the teeth, the lower jaw does not move.

"Swing-1".

Target: develop the ability to quickly change the position of the tongue, develop the mobility and flexibility of the tip of the tongue, the accuracy of its movements.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. Insert a wide tongue between the upper lip and upper teeth, then between the lower lip and lower teeth. Make sure that the tongue does not narrow, the lips and lower jaw are motionless.

"Swing-2".

Target: develop the ability to quickly change the position of the tongue, develop the flexibility and accuracy of the movements of the tip of the tongue.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. Put the wide tongue behind the lower teeth on the inside, then lift the wide tongue behind the upper teeth on the inside. Make sure that the tongue does not narrow, the lips do not stretch over the teeth, the lower jaw does not move.

"Delicious jam"

"Click the tip of your tongue."

Target: strengthen the tip of the tongue, develop a lift of the tongue.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. Press the wide tip of the tongue against the tubercles behind the upper teeth and tear off with a click. At first, perform the movements slowly, gradually speed up the pace. Make sure that the lower jaw does not move, the lips do not stretch over the teeth, the tip of the tongue does not tuck inward.

"Soundless click with the tip of the tongue."

Target: develop upward movement of the tongue, strengthen the muscles of the tongue, develop the accuracy of the movements of the tip of the tongue.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. Press the wide tip of the tongue against the tubercles behind the upper teeth and silently tear it off. First, do the exercise at a slow pace, then at a fast pace. Make sure that the lower jaw and lips do not move. The tip of the tongue should not curl inward and should not protrude from the mouth.

Target: develop the rise of the tongue, develop the flexibility and mobility of its front part. The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. With the wide edge of the tongue in front of it, move back and forth along the upper lip, trying not to tear the tongue from the lip, slightly bend the tip, as if stroking the lip. First make slow movements, then speed up the pace and add voice until sounds are heard bl-bl. Make sure that the tongue does not narrow (the tongue should lick the upper lip, and not move forward), that the upper lip does not stretch over the teeth, the lower jaw does not move.

10. "Gorka", "The kitty is angry."

Target: strengthen the muscles of the tongue, develop a rise in the back and root of the tongue.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. The wide tip of the tongue rests on the tubercles behind the lower teeth, the back of the tongue curves upwards, then levels out. Make sure that the tip of the tongue does not come off the alveoli, the lips and lower jaw remain motionless.

11. Exercises in pronouncing the sound k (d).

Target: strengthen the muscles of the tongue, develop a lift of the tongue. Options:

a) The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. The tip of the tongue is pubescent and pulled back. Make a sound slowly To, trying to keep the bent tongue in the upper position as long as possible. Make sure that the lower jaw and lips are motionless;

b) The same, but pronounce the sound d.

12. "Coil".

Target: strengthen the muscles of the tongue, develop the rise of the back and root of the tongue, their mobility.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. The wide tip of the tongue rests on the tubercles behind the lower teeth, the back of the tongue arches, the tongue “rolls out” forward and retracts into the depths of the mouth. Make sure that the tip of the tongue does not come off the alveoli, the lips and lower jaw are motionless.

13. "Steamboat".

Target: develop a rise in the back and root of the tongue, strengthen the muscles of the tongue.

The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. The wide tip of the tongue is lowered and pulled back, the back of the tongue is curved towards the palate. Pronounce a sound for a long time s("as the ship hums"). Make sure that the tip of the tongue does not rise and is in the depths of the mouth, the back arches well, the sound s did not go to and, lips and lower jaw were motionless.

"FROG - PROBONK" At the expense of "one - two" alternate the exercise "Frog" and the exercise "Proboscis" Smile with tension, exposing closed teeth. The bite should be natural, the lower jaw should not move forward. . Lips and teeth are closed. With tension, stretch your lips forward with a tube.

"SHOVEL" Smile, open your mouth. Put a wide tongue on the lower lip. Remain calm for a count of five. In this exercise, it is important to ensure that the lower lip does not strain and does not stretch over the lower teeth.

“PUNISH THE Naughty Tongue” Put a wide tongue between your lips and “slap” it “five-five”.

"CUP" Put your tongue wide, And lift the edges. It turned out a cup, a round cup. Smile, open your mouth, put a wide tongue on the lower lip, bend the side edges of the tongue in the shape of a cup. Hold for a count of five. The lower lip should not fit over the lower teeth.

"BUBLIK" Perform the exercise "Proboscis". Then round the lips so that the teeth are visible. Make sure your teeth are clenched. Hold your lips in this position for a count of five.

"FOCUS" Put a small piece of cotton wool on the very tip of the nose. The cup-shaped tongue is tightly attached to the upper lips. It is necessary to blow off the cotton wool from the tip of the nose.

"HORSE" Smile, open your mouth. Click the tip of your tongue like horses chirp. The mouth is open, the tongue should be wide. Make sure that the tip of the tongue does not turn inward, and the lower jaw remains motionless. We ride, we ride a horse On a smooth path. A neighbor invited us to visit To eat sweet pudding. We arrived for dinner, but there is no neighbor at home.

"MALYAR" Smile, open your mouth. With a wide tip of the tongue, stroke the palate from the teeth to the throat. The lower jaw should not move. It's time to paint the rooms. The painter was invited. We release the jaw below, we help the Painter.

"DELICIOUS JAM" Smile, open your mouth. Lick the upper lip with your tongue in the shape of a cup from top to bottom. The lower lip should not fit the teeth (you can pull it down with your hand).

"MUSHROOM" I stand on a thin leg, I stand on a smooth leg, Under a brown hat With a velvet lining. Smile, open your mouth. Suck a wide tongue to the palate. This is the cap of the mushroom, and the hyoid ligament is the stem. The tip of the tongue should not tuck, lips in a smile. If the child fails to suck the tongue, then you can click the tongue, as in the Horse exercise. In clicking, the desired movement of the tongue is captured.

"Accordion" The position of the tongue as in the exercise "Fungus", lips in a smile. Without lifting your tongue, open and close your mouth. I play the harmonica, I open my mouth wider, I will press my tongue to the palate, I will lower my jaw.

Articulation modes

Prepared by Lebedeva M.D.

Articulation patterns of sounds

• Before you start working on staging a sound, you need to know how to pronounce this sound correctly. In what position should be the organs involved in pronunciation.
• All exercises should be taught in front of a mirror.

Articulation pattern of sound C

• Lips smile.
• Teeth at a small distance.
• The tongue is wide, it rests on the lower teeth, in the middle of the tongue there is a groove.
• The throat does not hum.
• We blow on the tip of the tongue. CCC

Articulatory mode of sound C

• Lips smile.
• Teeth at a small distance.
• The tongue is wide, it moves close to the lower teeth, there is a groove in the middle of the tongue.
• The throat does not hum. We blow on the tip of the tongue. C____

Articulation pattern of sound Z

• Lips smile.
• Teeth at a small distance.
• The tongue is wide, rests against the lower teeth, there is a groove in the middle of the tongue.
• The throat is buzzing. We buzz on the tip of the tongue. 3___

Articulation pattern of sound 3b

• Lips smile.
• Teeth at a small distance.
• The tongue is wide, close to the lower teeth, in the middle of the tongue there is a groove.
• The throat is buzzing. We buzz on the tip of the tongue. 3____

Articulation pattern of sound C

• Lips smile.
• Teeth at a small distance.
• The tongue is wide, rests against the lower teeth, in the middle of the tongue there is a groove.
• The throat does not hum.
• First, we knock on the lower teeth with the tip of the tongue (T), and then blow on it (C) and do it quickly, quickly.
• TS____

Articulation pattern of sound Ш

• We do not compress the teeth, the distance between them is “big path”.
• The tongue is wide. Its front part rises up, but does not touch the "ceiling".

• The throat does not hum.
• The throat does not hum.
• We blow on the raised tip of the tongue. Ш____

Articulation pattern of sound Zh

• The lips are round, extended forward.
• The tongue is wide, its front part rises up, but does not touch the "ceiling".
• The throat is buzzing.
• We buzz at the tip of the tongue, raised up. F_____

Articulation pattern of sound

• The lips are round, extended forward.
• We do not compress the teeth, the distance between them is a “big path”.
• The tongue is broad and rises high. The front of the tongue moves close to the "ceiling", but does not touch it.
• The throat does not hum.
• We blow on the tongue raised up.
• SCH____

Articulation pattern of sound H

• The lips are round, extended forward.
• We do not compress the teeth, the distance between them is a “big path”.
• The tongue is wide, its front part rises high.

• The throat does not hum.
• The throat does not hum.
• First, we knock on the upper teeth with the tip of the tongue (T), and then blow on it (U) and do it quickly, quickly!

Articulation pattern of sound L

• Lips smile.
• We do not compress the teeth, the distance between them is a “path”.
• The tongue is narrow, tense, its tip rises up and rests on the tubercles behind the upper teeth. When we look in the mirror, empty spaces are visible on the sides of the tongue.
• The throat is buzzing. We buzz on the tip of the tongue. L___

Articulation pattern of sound L

• Lips smile.
• Teeth at a small distance.
• The tongue is wide, resting heavily on the tubercles behind the upper teeth.
• The throat is buzzing.
• We buzz on the tip of our tongues.
• L___

Articulation pattern of sound P

• The mouth is wide open.
• Teeth at a distance.
• The tongue is wide, its tip rises up and rests against the tubercles behind the upper teeth.
• The throat is buzzing.
• We blow and buzz at the tip of the tongue, it trembles.
• R______

Articulation pattern of sound Pb

• The mouth is wide open.
• Teeth at a distance.
• The tongue is wide, the tip rises up and rests on the tubercles behind the upper teeth.
• The throat is buzzing.
• We blow and buzz at the tip of the tongue, it trembles. Pb____

Sound articulation C.

Articulation of sound C

The lips are stretched, slightly pressed to the teeth. There is a small gap between the incisors. The tip of the tongue is lowered, pressed against the inner surface of the lower incisors. The front of the back of the tongue is lowered, the middle is raised, the back is lowered. Tongue in the "slide" or "bridge" position. The lateral edges of the tongue are pressed against the upper molars. The front part of the back of the tongue forms a gap with alveoli, in the middle of the tongue there is a groove that directs the exhaled air stream in the center. The soft palate is raised (C - mouth sound). vocal folds

open (C - dull sound).

About staging the C sound here.

Sound articulation Z

Sound articulation Z

Exactly the same as when pronouncing the sound C. The only difference is that the voice

the folds are closed (З - ringing sound).

Articulation of the sound SH

Articulation of the sound SH

The middle part of the back of the tongue is more elevated, the groove collapses, the anterior part of the back of the tongue is more curved.

Articulation of sound Zb

Articulation of sound Zb

Exactly the same as when pronouncing the sound S. The only difference is that the vocal folds close (3b - ringing sound).

Articulation of sound C

The lips are slightly tense and stretched. A small gap between the incisors, the tip of the tongue

Articulation of sound C

pressed against the lower incisors. At the first moment of articulation, the front part of the back of the tongue is raised and closes with the anterior edge of the hard palate. At the second moment of articulation, it descends, forming a gap with the palate. The middle part of the back of the tongue is raised, the back is lowered. The lateral edges of the tongue are pressed against the upper molars. The soft palate is raised (C - oral sound). The vocal folds are open (C - dull sound).

On the production of whistling sounds. Defects in the pronunciation of whistling sounds are called sigmatism.

Types of sigmatism

1. Lip-tooth sigmatism. The lower lip approaches the upper incisors. (S, C resembles F, Z - C) Predisposing factors of labio-tooth sigmatism: prognathia, hypotrophy of the muscles of the tip of the tongue in dysarthria.

2. Interdental sigmatism. When pronouncing a sound, the tip of the tongue protrudes between the teeth. It makes a raspy sound. Predisposing factors of interdental sigmatism: anterior open bite, flaccid tongue, prognathism, weakness of the muscles of the tip of the tongue in dysarthria, absence of anterior teeth, adenoids, excessively large or long tongue, weakness of the orbicular muscle of the mouth.

3. Lip sigmatism. When pronouncing a sound, the tip of the tongue near the teeth at the level of the gap between the teeth produces not a whistling, but a dull noise (the sound resembles T or D). Predisposing factors for dental sigmatism are the same as for interdental sigmatism.

4. Lateral sigmatism. The lateral edges do not touch the upper molars, a gap is formed on the side through which part of the air stream leaves. Lateral sigmatism can be unilateral or bilateral. Predisposing factors of lateral sigmatism: lateral open bite, long narrow tongue, paresis of the lateral edges of the tongue in dysarthria.

5. Nasal sigmatism. The soft palate does not close tightly with the back wall of the pharynx. Part of the air passes through the nose. Predisposing factors of nasal sigmatism: paresis of the soft palate, clefts.

6. Hissing pronunciation of whistling sounds. Mechanism: the tip of the tongue is pulled deep into the oral cavity, the back of the tongue is raised, the groove is not formed. Predisposing factors: increased muscle tone of the tongue with dysarthria, with open organic rhinolalia.

Parasigmatism

If the sounds С and Сь, З, Зб, Ц are replaced by other sounds, then such a violation is called whistling parasigmatism. Sound substitutions are a phonemic defect, i.e. they indicate the imperfection of phonemic perception. When correcting, this is very important to consider.

The sound C is most often replaced by Ф, СЬ, Ш, Т, З.

The sound З is most often replaced by В, Зб, С, Д, Ш, Zh.

The sound C is most often replaced by C, T, C, T, W.

On the production of whistling sounds.

If you found this information useful, please share it with your friends on social networks. If you have any questions about this topic, write in the comments, I will definitely answer. Your online speech therapist Perfilova Natalya Vladimirovna.