Surely you have heard attractive slogans urging young mothers to engage in child development from birth: "Swim before walking!", "Read before walking!" (it seems that the child will start walking at the age of 10, not earlier ...) However, today it is believed that this is not enough! A child needs to be brought up from the moment of conception, according to adherents of prenatal pedagogy. How and why?

What a baby feels before birth

Perhaps the most impressive example of prenatal parenting comes from The Secret Life of Your Unborn Child by Thomas Verney. In it, Boris Brodt, a conductor from Canada, argued that the cello parts in some works seemed familiar to him, although he was practicing them with the orchestra for the first time. He found out that this was the music his mother, a cellist, had learned during her pregnancy.

It is difficult to confirm the reliability of this information, and it is completely impossible to decide whether all children of musicians memorize music in utero, or Boris is an exception. However, there is also statistical research confirming that newborns remember fragments of life before birth.

The most compelling study was conducted at the University of North Carolina in the United States by psychologists Anthony Decasper and Melanie Spence (results published in Infant Behavior and Development (# 9, 1986)). They asked 33 pregnant women to tape a specific fairy tale they had recorded twice a day during the last six weeks of pregnancy. Fairy tales were selected in such a way that the number of repeated words was approximately the same. After giving birth, the scientists continued the experiment with babies born with a similar body weight and the same APGAR scores.

A few days after birth, the babies were put on headphones and given two different tales in a similar edition (that is, neither the voice, nor the reading speed, nor the structure of the phrases were significantly different). The children's reaction was checked with special nipples, which measured the intensity of the sucking movements. Ten out of twelve newborns changed their sucking speed by listening to a fairy tale they knew.

The experiment was carried out in various variations (for example, the kids listened to the recording of fairy tales performed by other people's mothers), but the result remained statistically reliable - the children recognized word combinations, and not just the voice that they heard before birth.

Prenatal education techniques

The results of the experiments are encouraging: does it mean you can teach your child about music and literature during pregnancy? It is not worth pinning excessive hopes on the talents of newborns, however, even in Russia, several methods of prenatal education have been developed that expectant mothers can adopt.

MIRR system (Methodology for Intellectual Development of a Child) Pavel Viktorovich Tyulenina

The system was actively promoted by the author in the early 90s of the last century, but you can still buy it. We warn you right away: the author of MIRR is a peculiar person, and, quite possibly, his methods of education will cause some associations with sectarianism; too persistent are the references to "foreign enemies" plotting against the young generation of Russians, too aggressive attacks on "competitors" - the methods of Doman and Montessori. Pavel Tyulenev positions himself as an innovator who has developed a system of upbringing "a person of a new era" and promises that children fully brought up according to his method will have 4-5 higher educations, both technical and humanitarian, by the age of 18. Here is what he writes in his recommendations

During pregnancy, you are linked biochemically, through the placenta, so we divide this period into two world classes and call it - first "Khimunok", and then, from the 4th month, "Slyshunok" is added ...

The expectant mother needs to voice 10 first, basic words in several, from 1 to 10 MIRR programs. In addition, it is recommended to allow the unborn child to listen to various sets and collections of sounds on a specific system ...

If you are happy and happy to pronounce sets of ten words for each "school subject", then your future child will hear and feel about the same. The MIR system has established that a child in this state can memorize large chunks of text. ...

I do not recommend listening too seriously to amateurish recommendations, including the book by Masaru Ibuka, Lazarev and others. In books on the MIRR system, you will learn about the negative experience that parents got when trying to use the recommendations of Masaru Ibuka (“After three - it's too late!”), Lazarev (SONATAL) and others.

System "Sonatal" by Mikhail Lvovich Lazarev

Unlike the previous author, who develops his methodology within the framework of alternative pedagogy, Mikhail Lazarev is a pediatrician, doctor of sciences, working in the system of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. His preschool course "Zdravik" is still available in bookstores. But the book "Mamalysh, or birth before birth" published 10 years ago has already become a bibliographic rarity.

Not only a doctor, but also a graduate of a music school, Mikhail Lazarev became the authors of more than a thousand songs in the genre he himself invented “For Mom and Baby”. According to the publishers, the material of the book allows any mother who does not have a musical education, at home, from the first days of pregnancy, to conduct developmental classes with a prenatal child - a mother using CD-ROMs, on which 367 songs and five children's operas are recorded. Music is recorded both with voice and without (phonogram).

For 20 thousand children born in Naberezhnye Chelny, there are almost no children with bronchial asthma and hearing loss. Most of the mothers of these children breastfed them for at least 1 year. Children are ahead of their peers in all psychophysiological indicators.

Prenatal education by inspiration

If you don’t really trust professionals who are sure they know how to properly raise your unborn child, you can take a few simple steps that will benefit the baby and will be pleasant to you.

Speak

As already proved by scientists, a child not only hears mom and dad, and even not only recognizes their voices, but is able to memorize word combinations. More often : what your baby is cute, smart, nice, how you love and wait for him. Of course, he will be able to understand the meaning of your words much later, but for the rest of his life these phrases will become the most recognizable and remembered.

Sing

Kids perfectly hear and remember melodies - try to provide the unborn child even if you yourself have different musical preferences. A little life hack: if you sing during pregnancy, then you can quickly calm the newborn with these songs.

Strok

Touch is what your baby feels as well as sounds. Soft, gentle touches are pleasant to the child, although he cannot adequately respond to them. Vary the types of touch: stroking your tummy, tapping or fingering with your fingers like playing a scale on a piano, pat.

Eat right

One of the most popular prenatal education methods in the West is ... It is assumed that a child who experiences a decrease in nutrient levels will have to vigorously remind the mother to “go hunting” and thus strengthen the mother-child bond. We, of course, do not recommend experimenting with a diet without consulting your doctor, but fasting days are really common practice in obstetrics. Think of them not just as a diet, but also as an educational moment!

In general, the taste may vary slightly depending on mom's diet. Even if you only eat foods approved by your gynecologist, you may find that your baby is calmer on some days than on others. Try to trace the pattern between especially sharp and unpleasant movements of the baby and the one eaten the day before. Perhaps you will be able to "agree" on a menu that will be useful and pleasant to both of you?

We wish everyone an easy and pleasant pregnancy and healthy babies!

Prepared by Ekaterina Ershova

At present, there has been an awareness of the leading role of perinatal factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of very many, if not most, chronic human diseases (Shabalov N.P., 2006), including neuropsychic ones. Many pathological processes occurring in the perinatal period leave a deep mark and manifest themselves in later life, being the basis for the formation of pathology in both children and adults. In this regard, there is no doubt that active prevention of neuropsychiatric disorders should first of all be addressed to the perinatal period. The selection of the field of perinatal pedagogy in perinatology was due, on the one hand, to the development of science and the receipt of numerous facts indicating that mental functions develop early in the fetus, and the possibility of establishing feedback with it. On the other hand, there was an understanding that the prevention of complications in the course of various stages of the reproductive process can largely be based on providing women and men with carefully selected information about this, reducing anxiety in front of the unknown, on their assimilation of a number of skills, on the development of behavioral stereotypes.

The process of training and education mainly occurs due to:

Providing information, familiarizing with it and assimilating it;

Communication with others and imitation of them;

Gaining your own experience.

ND Podobed believes that the fetus can already receive information "at the cellular level." “At no point in his later life does a person develop as intensively as in the prenatal period, starting from the cell and turning into a perfect being with amazing abilities and an inextinguishable desire for knowledge” (Podobed ND, 2001, p. 27 ). From her point of view, upbringing and education in the prenatal period occurs mainly due to the "absorption of information." She doubts the ability of the fetus to imitate and gain experience.

Elements of prenatal education can be found in the customs and traditions of different peoples. For example, even in antiquity in Russia, the so-called intrauterine nursing was adopted.

In the XX century. a number of studies have been carried out to prove the reality of prenate education. This is possible both by direct action on their tactile and auditory analyzers, and indirectly through the mother's body. With systematic and purposeful stimulation of the analyzers, neurons are activated, the process of the formation of interneuronal connections is stimulated (Bertin A.M., 1992; Komova M.E., 1997; Chicherina N.A., 2001, 2007). T. Verny states that “the fetus sees, hears, tastes, gains experience and even learns in utero” (T. Verny, 2005, p. 5).

F. Dolto, a student of J. Lacan, and F. Veldman developed a method of affective, that is, filled with emotional meaning, psychotactic contact. The method was called "haptonomy" (Greek. hapsis- touch). At present, this method continues to be developed and introduced into practice by F. Dolto's daughter, C. Dolto-Tolich. She emphasizes that haptonomy is not body-oriented psychotherapy. The essence of haptonomy is that the touches are mutual, reflect not a tactile sensation, but the presence of another person, and be filled with emotional content. Haptonomy can be used at any stage of human ontogenesis, but the most common is perinatal haptonomy, carried out while working with pregnant women, which allows you to establish contact with the fetus. K. Dolto-Tolich considers perinatal haptonomy to be the most effective way to prevent complications during pregnancy and childbirth (Dolto-Tolich K., 2003).

The impacts on the tactile analyzer can be combined with the impact on hearing, and the corresponding methods have been developed and continue to be developed. The St. Petersburg Conservatory professor A. G. Yusfin has experience of "musical education in the perinatal period" (Yusfin A. G., 1997, 2005). He writes that music is one of those agents, the impact of which is undoubtedly, which penetrates through any obstacles and whose role in the formation (and, more broadly, in the existence) of the somatic, mental and spiritual structure of a person is well known and does not need justification (Yusfin A.G. ., 2005, p. 176). Since 1983, our country has been using the program of "cardiosensory regulation of fetal development" developed by ML Lazarev (Lazarev ML, 2007).

Teaching potential parents (before conception and during pregnancy), parents with a small child, possibly through obtaining new information, and through the acquisition of new skills and experience.

However, perinatal pedagogy, including prenatal, is not limited to it. The most successful definition of pedagogy of the prenatal period, in our opinion, belongs to K. N. Belogai: “Prenatal pedagogy is a complex effect (through music, aesthetic impressions, positive emotions) on a pregnant woman, fetus, the family system as a whole, in order to optimize intrauterine development child "(KN Belogai, 2008, p. 40).

At present, in our country, the importance and effectiveness of perinatal pedagogy is recognized and is an obligatory section of the work of medical workers of medical and preventive institutions for the protection of mothers and children (Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation "On improving obstetric and gynecological care in outpatient clinics" from 10.02.2003, No. 50). In medical and preventive establishments, "Schools of motherhood" and "Schools of young mothers" are organized. Information about the organization of such schools as a preventive medical service is entered in the documents of official medical statistical reporting of medical and preventive institutions (form 30, section 10, code 4809). By the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated July 16, 2001, "The system of standardization in the health care of the Russian Federation", they are included in the industry classifier "Complex and comprehensive medical services" (section 04 - "Medical services for prevention").

From the point of view of N. A. Gitelson (2001), the very concept of "mother school" implies an integrated approach, including coverage of issues of medicine, psychology, pedagogy, culture, art, philosophy, social issues. The “new school of motherhood” should be based on an understanding of the deep historical experience of our country, on the achievements of domestic preschool pedagogy, on the study of European experience. In her opinion (which we fully share), grandmothers should also be involved in classes in such schools (Gitelson N.A., 2001).

A number of authors specialize in the development of training programs dedicated to the work of a psychologist with parents of young children (Larechina E.V., 2011; Lyutova E.K., Monina G.B., 2000; Chirkova T.I., 1998, 2003 and etc.).

The widespread adoption of parenting education, while certainly a positive development, has its downside. If the training is carried out by insufficiently competent specialists, a large number of negative consequences may appear, up to the formation of unhealthy ambitions among students of parent schools, expressed in the desire for untimely early development of children. Overestimated claims and requirements for prenate and young children, wrong educational attitudes lead to overstrain, to the development of neuropsychic disorders in children (primarily of the neurotic register), which should be regarded as didactogeny. In this regard, the problem of organizing high-quality methodological developments for parental schools, training qualified teachers, and establishing a system of state licensing of the programs they offer becomes urgent.

Developments devoted to issues of perinatal pedagogy can be grouped as shown in Fig. 3.

It is important that a specialist in the field of perinatal pedagogy has an idea of \u200b\u200ball the listed methods, even if his specific work is limited by the framework of only one of them.

A presentation by the International Organization of Associations of Perinatal Education (OMAEP) says that widespread adoption of prenatal education can have a number of beneficial consequences. For a child, it is a fundamental prevention of genetically not determined somatic and mental disorders, contributes to the formation of a healthy, balanced, creative and open person. Prenatal education facilitates the subsequent education of the child and then the adolescent through early formed bonds with his parents.

Prenatal education of a parental couple contributes to the personal growth of a woman and a man, strengthens their relationship, ensures easy delivery as a result of a normally proceeding pregnancy, lived in full communication with the prenate.

Fig. 3

Prenatal education, strengthening families, making them more harmonious and stable, contributing to the normal course of pregnancy and the birth of healthy, desired children, brought up in respect, love and trust, and therefore creative, open, non-aggressive, is of great importance for the development of society as a whole ...

All this applies not only to perinatal pedagogy, but, perhaps, to an even greater extent to perinatal psychology.

Tolokneeva Elena Ivanovna

Stavropol State University, Stavropol

The last decades of the 20th century and the beginning of the 11th century are marked by an increased interest in the problems of perinatology (the science that studies the perinatal period: peri (Greek) - around, about; natus (lat.) - birth; logos (lat.) - teaching). Nowadays, they are increasingly talking about prenatal psychology, prenatal pedagogy and prenatal education (raising a child before birth). Many scientists, educators and psychologists (V.V. Abramchenko, I.V.Dobryakov, N.P. Kovalenko, E.V. Mogilevskaya, R.V. Ovcharova, N.D. Podobed, etc.) have confirmed the importance of prenatal development the child as the basis for his future upbringing, training and full, creative inclusion in human culture.

More than a hundred years ago, scientists noticed that there are a significant number of atrophied neurons in the brain of newborn children and it was suggested that they atrophy during the period of intrauterine development of the child due to their lack of demand. By this time, there was already enough reliable information that the intelligence of the unborn child largely depends on the number of nerve cells in the brain. In this regard, in the late seventies, early eighties of the XX century, first in Europe, and then in America, ideas appeared about the upbringing and development of a child even in the prenatal period, new special branches of psychology and pedagogy appeared - prenatal psychology (peri-around, about; natalis-related to birth), which studies how events occurring during pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period affect the formation of the psyche of an adult and prenatal pedagogy, that is, pedagogy of prenatal development and upbringing of the child.

Prenatal pedagogy is a complex effect (through music, aesthetic impressions, positive emotions) on a pregnant woman, fetus, the family system as a whole, in order to optimize the intrauterine development of the child.

In the 20th century, a number of studies were carried out that proved the reality of the development and upbringing of prenate (unborn, forming children). This is possible both by direct action on their tactile and auditory analyzers, and indirectly through the mother's body. With systematic and purposeful stimulation of the analyzers, neurons are activated, the process of the formation of interneuronal connections is stimulated (Bertin A.M., Verny T., Komova M.E., Chicherina N.A., etc.). T. Verny states that “the fetus sees, hears, tastes, gains experience and even learns in utero”.

A presentation by the International Organization of Associations of Perinatal Education (OMAEP) says that widespread adoption of prenatal education can have a number of beneficial consequences. For a child, it is a fundamental prevention of genetically not determined somatic and mental disorders, contributes to the formation of a healthy, balanced, creative and open person. Prenatal education facilitates the subsequent education of the child and then the adolescent through early formed bonds with his parents.

The selection of the field of perinatal pedagogy in perinatology was due, on the one hand, to the development of science and the receipt of numerous facts indicating that mental functions develop early in the fetus, and the possibility of establishing feedback with it. On the other hand, there was an understanding that the prevention of complications in the course of various stages of the reproductive process can largely be based on providing women and men with carefully selected information about this, reducing anxiety in front of the unknown, on their assimilation of a number of skills, on the development of behavioral stereotypes.

The process of training and education mainly occurs due to:

• 
  providing information, familiarizing with it and assimilating it;
• 
  communicating with others and imitating them;
• 
  gaining their own experience.

Prenatal education contributes to the personal growth of parents, strengthens their relationship, ensures a normal pregnancy, lived in full communication with the prenate, and easy delivery. In this regard, there is no doubt that the training of potential parents (before conception and during pregnancy) is of great importance and possibly through obtaining new information, acquiring new skills, experience.

However, at the same time, the widespread adoption of parenting education, while certainly a positive development, has its downside. If training is carried out by insufficiently competent specialists, a large number of negative consequences may appear, up to the formation of unhealthy ambitions in parents, expressed in the desire for an untimely early development of children. Excessive claims and requirements for prenate and young children, incorrect educational attitudes lead to overstrain, to the development of neuropsychic disorders in children, etc. In this regard, the problem of organizing high-quality methodological developments for parents, training qualified teachers, and establishing a licensing system for the programs they offer becomes especially urgent.

At present, in our country, the importance and effectiveness of perinatal pedagogy is recognized and is a mandatory section of the activities of medical workers in medical and preventive institutions for the protection of mothers and children, where "Schools of motherhood", "Schools of young mothers", etc. are created. However, in educational institutions, prenatal pedagogy has not found sufficient distribution. Although young people should also be a category that receives prenatal education, including for the purpose of preventing abortions, the number of which, despite the abundance of existing methods of preventing unwanted pregnancies, in our country continues to remain at a high level (especially among young people). Often, it is because of ignorance of the characteristics of the intrauterine development of the child, modern research and discoveries in this area, the decision on the preservation of pregnancy tends towards its artificial termination. Therefore, prenatal education in general and prenatal pedagogy in particular can be an effective means of preventing this phenomenon.

Thus, prenatal pedagogy provides prevention of abortion, develops a sense of parenthood through the formation of a spiritual connection between parents and an unborn child, contributes to the normal course of pregnancy and the birth of healthy, desired children, strengthens families, making them more harmonious and stable, and, therefore, has great importance for the development of society as a whole.

Bibliographic list

1. 
   Belogay K.N. Introduction to Perinatal Psychology: A Study Guide. - Tomsk: TPGU, 2008.
2. 
   Verni T. Birth and Violence // The Phenomenon of Violence (from Domestic to Global): A View from the Position of Prenatal and Perinatal Psychology and Medicine / Ed. prof. G.I. Brekhman and prof. P.G. Fedor-Freiberga. - SPb., 2005.
3. 
   Dobryakov I.V. Perinatal psychology. - SPb .: Peter, 2010.
4. 
   Podobed N.D. Intrauterine education of the fetus // Perinatal psychology and obstetrics: Textbook / Ed. prof. ON THE. Zharkin. - Volgograd: Volgograd Medical Academy, 2001.
5. 
   Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation "On the improvement of obstetric and gynecological care in outpatient clinics" dated February 10, 2003 - No. 50.

Portfolio

"Prenatal (prenatal) pedagogy"

What Parents-to-be Need to Know About Prenatal Education and Prenatal Education?

Life is becoming faster, the upbringing and education of children begins earlier - this is one of the signs of our time. Modern parents are more than ever passionate about the most diverse methods of early development: we teach children to read from the age of 2, from the age of 3 we begin to learn English, etc. Scientists have gone even further, they persistently propose to start teaching children in the womb. A special science about prenatal education and upbringing of children appeared - prenatal pedagogy.

From the history of prenatal pedagogy

Father and mother came to the sage and asked:

- Our baby is already five days old, can you advise when to start raising him?
The sage replied:
- You are nine months and five days late!

Procreation is one of the most important tasks of humanity. Nations that were able to establish effective parenting systems, including prenatal parenting, flourished in antiquity and continue to flourish today. In ancient times, the main focus of thelali , later - . At the beginning of the 20th century, an interesting fact was revealed that turned the ideas of scientists about essence of prenatal education and led to the emergence of a whole science -prenatal pedagogy.

The fact is that many atrophied neurons were found in the brain of newborns. Scientists have suggested that this happens during intrauterine development due to their lack of demand, that is, the child loses part of his intelligence even before birth. As a result of further research and experiments by the end of the 70s - early 80s. in Europe and America, the ideas of early prenatal child development were established andprenatal pedagogyand prenatal psychology... Not without kinks. Future mothers and fathers are too actively involved in the process of prenatal education. It got to the point that it was fashionable among pregnant women to refuse food one day a week (and some did not eat for three days in a row), so that the child began to actively move and ask for food. The fascination with such physical training of the fetus for many ended with a cesarean section.

In Russiaprenatal pedagogycame with perestroika, in the mid-90s of the 20th century, the method of M. Lazarev, aimed at teaching the expectant mother the basics of communication with an unborn child, became widespread.

“The process of receiving sound information by the fetus should be accompanied by the development of other functions, primarily motor functions. The information received by him is not just memorized by neurons, as it happens after birth. She literally sculpts the neuronal cells themselves. Hence another important point: the prenatal experience of the fetus becomes the basis of its personality, on which all subsequent education should be based ”(M. Lazarev).

Prenatal pedagogy - fashion or necessity?

Prenatal pedagogy- this is a purposeful, conscious impact on a child who has not yet given birth in order to improve his intellect, form certain personality traits, strengthen the nervous system and healthy development of the child as a whole.

More and more often in books and textbooks they write not “fetus”, but “fetus”. Even before birth, a child hears, distinguishes voices, feels rhythm and music. Even before birth, the formation of the child's personality begins, his emotional, intellectual, mental development, and it is prenatal experience in the future that will become the basis of a person's personality.

All this means thatprenatal pedagogy- this is an objective reality, and not just another fashionable hobby, and future parents need to accept it. There are official statistics confirming the effectiveness of the methodsprenatal pedagogy, their positive impact on the general psychophysiological development of children and their health.

Simple and affordable methods of prenatal pedagogy

Methods of prenatal pedagogy- these are special methods and means of the earliest influence on the child in order to develop it. In fact, many of the methodsprenatal pedagogy- These are simple and accessible actions that loving parents do instinctively.

1 . The first and most important method isphysical contact with the child ... These are belly strokes and gentle touches of mom or dad. Any child waits for these minutes, reacts to pleasant tactile sensations, responds with movements. It is good to start and end the day with the help of physical contact with the child, this ritual will strengthen the emotional connection with the baby, soothe him. You've probably noticed that many expectant mothers often put one or both hands on their stomachs - this way they maintain a constant connection with the child.

2. Physical contact must be combined withspeech impact ... Talk to your child, tell them what you see around, what you are doing, how you expect and love him, how smart, beautiful, healthy he will be born, etc. After birth, children will recognize the voices of their parents and those with whom the mother often spoke during pregnancy. The songs that you will sing to the unborn baby, the fairy tales that you will read, the child will learn after birth. They will become the most beloved, help to calm the baby.

3. Musical education the baby begins in the womb. Mozart, Vivaldi, Chopin and other "sunny" classics have an unusually beneficial effect on the development of children. There are also special musical collections for pregnant women, built on the principles of prenatal pedagogy, pay attention to them. For example, the collection Music of Birth by M. Lazarev.

4. Mental exercises and creative activities of the expectant mother (drawing, modeling, singing, playing musical instruments, writing poetry, handicrafts, etc.) involve the child in the process of learning about the world around him. Live life to the fullest, go to concerts and exhibitions, visit museums, allow yourself small trips and excursions. Your impressions will become a powerful impetus for the development of the child, create a favorable emotional background.

Sensory abilities of the fetus.

The sense organs, the corresponding centers of the fetal brain, which are responsible for sensory perception, develop by the third month of pregnancy. Over the next six months, they are improved and specialized in accordance with the functions performed.

Vision, which is impossible without light, is in a state of temporary inactivity. The fetus perceives only a weak orange light, and even then with direct illumination of the mother's abdomen.

The fruit's taste is already well developed, the fruit may even give preference to one over the other. This was established by adding sugar to the amniotic fluid (the amniotic fluid that the fetus consumes), after which the fetus consumed a double portion of this fluid. When a bitter solution was added, the amount of liquid consumed by the fetus decreased several times. Intrauterine fluid is influenced by everything that the mother eats and drinks. This contributes to the adaptation of the fetus to the taste of the food that it will consume after birth and which is typical for the region of residence of the parents.

To date, the most well-studied are sensitivity and hearing. The fetal skin is continuously exposed to the muscles of the uterus and abdominal wall. Thus, it makes it possible to maintain close contact between the father, mother and the fetus through the abdominal wall. It is noted that when a father or mother makes gentle strokes of the abdomen, the child feels these touches and even before birth he feels emotional calmness and care of his parents, which further affects his further relations with his parents after birth and when he becomes an older child.

The inner ear, which perceives sounds and transmits signals to the fetal brain, is formed at the end of the sixth month of pregnancy. Sound has a tremendous impact on the development of not only the fetus, but also the further independent life of the child. The sounds of the mother's and father's voices differ in timbre and frequency, so it is important that both parents participate in conversations with the baby. You can simply tell how the day went, how you are waiting for his birth, you can sing a gentle song - it has been noticed that the lullabies that the mother sang during pregnancy better soothe newborns, since they have known them for a long time! These conversations establish contact between parent and child, and it will last for years to come.

Babies often recognize songs and music heard in the prenatal period, and they have a calming effect on the child and can be used by parents, for example, in case of strong emotional stress as a sedative. As for rock music, metal and alternative music, all experts note that it drives the fetus into a state of fury. He begins to cause unbearable suffering to the mother, which she experiences from the violent movement of the fetus. This effect on the fetus is negative and has a negative effect on its development in the womb and on the state of the psyche after birth. Children of parents who are fond of rock music are more likely to suffer from various nervous disorders. You can avoid this negative influence by listening to classical soothing music.

An emotional trace in the formation of a child's personality

The developing fetus remembers not only sensory information, but also stores in the memory of cells emotional information that the mother supplies him.

The love with which the mother carries the child; thoughts related to birth; the richness of communication with the fetus has an impact on the developing psyche of the fetus and its cellular memory, forming the basic personality traits that persist throughout life.

The attitude of the mother to the fetus during pregnancy leaves permanent traces on the development of his psyche. Emotional stress is correlated with premature birth, major childhood psychopathology, more frequent occurrences of schizophrenia, often with school failures, high rates of delinquency, drug addiction and suicide attempts.

A survey was conducted of about 500 women. 1/3 of them never thought about the child they were carrying - the children of such mothers were below average at birth, they were more likely to have various serious disorders in the digestive tract and nervous disorders. At an early age, these children cried much more. Subsequently, they experienced certain difficulties in the process of adapting to the surrounding life.

The nourishing environment for the formation of the psyche, emotional and physical state of the child is the mother's own thoughts and feelings, and the need for love and communication arises even before birth.

Thus, due to the stupid attitude of mothers towards their child during pregnancy, they led to problems of both the physical and emotional state of children after birth.

This is an example of the influence of a mother's emotional state on an adult child. The man experienced sudden flushes of fever accompanied by fear of death. The psychiatrist put him into a hypnotic state and played in reverse order his entire previous life. Recalling the ninth and eighth months of fetal development, this person felt normal. However, when it was the turn of the seventh month - his voice suddenly broke off sharply, his face was distorted with horror, a strong fever appeared - the psychiatrist stopped working and brought the patient out of the hypnotic state. After that, a conversation was held with the mother of this man and it turned out that in the seventh month the woman was in a state of severe depression and tried to terminate the pregnancy by steaming in a hot bath. 30 years have passed since then. However, the son's cellular memory retained the sensation of excessive heat and the thought of death, which was present in the mother's mind when she took excessively hot baths.

Under stress, the body, in particular the adrenal glands, begins to produce so-called stress hormones (catecholamines), which help to cope with the situation that has arisen. These hormones penetrate the placental barrier and affect the fetus, forming a physiological state that reflects the state of the mother. However, in the fetus, it is much stronger and of great importance, since an adult develops protective reactions during his life that are absent in the fetus.

As can be seen from this example, not only development in the postpartum life has an impact on the emerging personality of a person, but also the events and conditions of the prenatal period play an equally important role in the life of adults.

You should not think that even the smallest grief affects the development of the fetus and the formation of the child as a person. We are talking only about strong and long-term stresses and experiences. For example, long-term bad relationships between spouses. In addition, it should be remembered that expectant mothers have a so-called protective shield that protects the child: love for him. She is able to protect the fetus from harmful effects even in very difficult, extreme situations.

Strong stresses and negative emotions of the mother have a special negative effect on the organs of the fetus and the formation of its nervous system. The result of this impact may be a violation of the intellect and social adaptation of the future person.

To create favorable conditions for the development of the intellect of the unborn child, a pregnant woman should do everything for her pleasure - engage in activities related to creativity, be interested in art and improve herself in every possible way. It is great if during pregnancy she is engaged in music, painting, handicrafts, attends concerts with classical music and art galleries. The most prosperous and intelligent children are those of those mothers who, during pregnancy, maximize their potential, and do not invent ways of teaching for an unborn baby, as if immediately preparing to send him to work immediately after birth.

In those cases when we experience feelings of joy, happiness, prosperity - our brain produces endorphins - the so-called "hormones of happiness." They are able to impart feelings of peace or joy to the fetus. If he often experiences these states in the womb, then they are remembered and in a certain way color the character of the future man or woman.

Emotions and space are very closely related. Misfortune, mental pain cause a feeling of constriction of the heart, lack of air. Negative emotions such as fear, jealousy, and anger lead to feelings of heaviness, poor health, and enslavement.

Joy makes our heart sing. For example, when we are in love and when love is mutual, it is easy and good for us. It seems that wings have grown behind our back, we are overwhelmed with energy.

It is very useful to cultivate in oneself such a state of happiness and inner freedom, passing it on to the child, who will fix this feeling of unforgettable joy in his cells.

Music, singing, poetry, art allow you to achieve this inner state and bring up a sense of beauty in the child. In this process, not only the mother plays an important role, but also the future father of the child. The attitude towards his wife, pregnancy and the expected child is the main factor that forms in him a feeling of happiness and strength, which is transmitted to him through a confident and calm mother.

Numerous surveys of mothers have shown that mothers who are expecting a child and who love him even before birth, have children born more healthy and mentally stable. Women who are in a dysfunctional family situation or poor social conditions give birth to children who are more likely to suffer from various serious disorders of the digestive tract and nervous disorders. In addition, such children are less adaptable to life in society.

The birth of a healthy and smart baby is not only a concern of his mother. There are many factors affecting the development of the fetus, for which the woman is only indirectly responsible. A friendly family climate in a family depends not only on the pregnant woman herself, but also on her husband, as well as their parents - future grandparents.

Thus, the mother's positive emotions are needed by the child even before birth and are a very important factor in ensuring the formation of his positive experience. It is during the period of prenatal life that a particular attitude to the external world is formed in him, which will subsequently be reflected in his later life, including on his emotional and personal state.

Recording information at the cellular level.

Today, more and more scientists in different fields agree that the elementary particles that make up atoms, molecules and living cells obey not only the laws of physics, but also the laws of physiology. So, these particles are able to store the memory of events, reproduce this information and even share it with other particles.

In other words, each elementary particle has its own psychic or energy-informational twin, and the information stored by this double determines the vibrational characteristics of an elementary particle. This fact has been proved by scientists also from the point of view of mathematical calculations. That is, the feelings, emotions, thoughts, fears, intentions of the mother directly affect the vibrational properties of the cells of the child forming in her.

Scientists from the UK and the USA are proving this conclusion using mathematical calculations. Information about the psyche, thoughts and feelings of the mother, received by the emerging creature, determines the vibrational properties of its cells.

That is, everything that a person goes through is recorded in his chromosomes, and more importantly, is subsequently his genetic capital. In this vein, the quality of the worldview of a pregnant and giving birth woman should be considered as determining not only for a particular child, but for the entire genus.

Relationship to the fetus during pregnancy.

A pregnant woman is a concentration of variousenergies structuring matter. She carries within herself the project of a new being. Therefore, the actions, thoughts and feelings of a pregnant woman are the cause of the formation or attraction of certain types of energy. If the expectant mother tries to exclude all negative moments from her life, then she kind of brings positive emotions into her body and mind and provides the developing fetus with the best physical material and quality information that exists on the physical, emotional and mental levels.

Physical layer ... Let's consider the physical layer using the example of nutrition. If the expectant mother experiences joy in the process of eating, a feeling of gratitude to nature for, for example, a fresh apple, then she thereby brings enormous benefits to the child both emotionally and physically. In addition, she fosters in him a positive attitude to food - after birth, the child will be less capricious in the process of feeding and will eat not through force and with the help of persuasion, but with pleasure. Those mothers who treat the process of eating food as an annoying necessity and do it on the go or at work risk instilling the same qualities in the unborn child, which will negatively affect his physiological and mental development.

Mental level ... At the mental level, women with a rich imagination can successfully use it in shaping the personality of an unborn child. If the mother's imagination is directed towards categories such as beauty, kindness, wisdom, etc., then it can be used during pregnancy to create the most comfortable conditions for the fetus on the mental level. For example, the expectant mother can often use different, calm colors, decorate the home in different colors. She can look at the rainbow and imagine the colors of the rainbow pouring into her baby. The colors of the rainbow are the most optimal, as they are created by nature itself during the rain and rays of the sun.

Also, the expectant mother can imagine the qualities that she would like to see in the child.

Emotional level. Emotions and space are very closely related. Negative emotions cause a feeling of constriction of the heart, lack of air, and also lead to the appearance of a feeling of heaviness, feeling unwell and enslaving.

Joy fills us with energy. It is very useful to encourage the state of happiness and inner freedom in oneself, passing it on to the child, who will fix this feeling of unforgettable joy in his cells.

Pregnancy by month: intrauterine development of the fetus

1 month

You

From the moment of conception, the body increases blood volume. This causes the heart, kidneys and lungs to work harder. Your figure has not changed, but your breasts are a little bulky. Perhaps you will add a few millimeters at the waist. These are the first changes in your body. At this stage, the placenta to be attached to the wall of the uterus can cause nausea, drowsiness, and mood swings.

your child

At the end of the first month of pregnancy, your unborn baby is an embryo that is very small, smaller than a grain of rice.

2 month

You

A delay in your period tells you that you are indeed pregnant. You can do a simple pregnancy test that is sold at the pharmacy. The belly and breasts continue to enlarge. The nipples become darker, and saphenous veins in the breasts and abdomen may also appear. You may feel tired and sleepy, nausea, headaches, irritability, and frequent mood changes.

your child

The embryo grows, grows from the inside, and its cells begin to divide. The outer cells grow into the baby's skin and nerves; medium - in bones, circulatory system, kidneys, genitals, muscles; internal - to the digestive and respiratory organs. By the end of the 8th week, the formation of the rudiments of various organs and systems ends, and the embryo is called a fetus.

3 month

You

The waist begins to grow, but a rounded tummy will appear later. The breasts are enlarged. Veins of the abdomen and legs become more pronounced. This is due to an increase in blood volume. You may feel constipation, nausea, bloating, fatigue and sleepiness, headaches, and increased appetite

your child

Now the brain and spinal cord, heart, sense organs are developing, and taste buds are being formed in your unborn child. The genitals are developing, but the sex of the child is still difficult to establish. The placenta and umbilical cord are already formed. The fruit takes on human features.

4 month

You

During this period, you can put on weight up to 0.5 kilograms. Breasts grow, this process can be painful. Freckles and moles become darker, and a brown streak appears on the belly from the navel to the pubis, which will disappear only after childbirth. Your tummy becomes barely noticeable. This is due to the fact that the uterus and the baby develop

your child

You don't feel anything yet, but your child is already making attempts to move. The auricle continues to form, and the inner ear is already formed. Fingers and toes are forming. The formation of all organs and systems continues. The head grows. The rudiments of teeth appear.

5 month

You

The chest continues to grow. Your tummy becomes more prominent and rounded. You can feel your baby's first movements. You may feel tired, increased appetite, leg cramps, leg swelling, back pain, fainting. Dental problems can also occur.

your child

The intensity of your child's movements increases. The body is more than 20 cm long. The child's body is protected by lubricant, a substance similar to thick sour cream, hair begins to grow on the head, eyebrows and eyelashes appear. With a gynecological stethoscope, the baby's heartbeat can be heard.

6 month

You

You gain weight quickly enough (the norm is 300 grams per week), this can affect the hips and abdomen. This can lead to pain in the spine, back, heaviness in the legs. Get yourself a good exercise routine.

your child

The child can distinguish between fingers and toes. The length of the child reaches 33 cm and weighs 800 - 900 g. Now the child reacts to light, his eyes open. In the event of a premature birth, the baby can survive with very intensive care and care.

7 month

You

Various skin rashes can appear during this period. Age spots can appear on the face. You may be concerned about back pain, heartburn, increased sweating. Contractions of the uterus may occur.

your child

The child continues to move, but stages of sleep and active behavior can be determined; reacts to sounds, light. Can suck on the thumb and distinguish sweet from sour. Remembers the voice of mom and dad.

8 month

You

Your belly becomes larger, your navel is leveled, and stretch marks may appear on your body, so use special creams. You may feel light cramps, leg cramps, and shortness of breath.

your child

The child can hear and see. Almost all systems are well developed, except for the lungs. The brain grows very rapidly during this period. The baby assumes a more comfortable position for future birth, usually head down. Your child's length reaches 45 cm and weighs up to 2.5 kg.

9 month

You

During this period, try to make yourself as comfortable and comfortable as possible. You may feel a lack of air, you cannot take a deep breath. This is a consequence of the fact that the uterus presses on the diaphragm. As your uterus and abdomen drop down, you will breathe better, but the pressure on your bladder will increase. You may feel tired or, conversely, imperative - this is a sign of an impending birth.

your child

The child is already fully formed. The average weight is 3 kg. The child should be in a head-down position, move less, because there is not enough space in the uterus. The child is gaining strength and getting ready to go out. Your meeting will come soon, you will take the child in your arms, you will be able to hug him.

The golden rules of the expectant mother

Pregnancy is not a disease. However, it does require a number of precautions to be taken.

Valyunchik

Of course, your excellent position is not a reason to abandon the usual rhythm of life. Still, a rounded belly requires some behavioral change and certain precautions. If the pregnancy is proceeding normally, an active lifestyle, chores around the house, work do not threaten the health of the baby and mother, but as the woman's weight increases, it is better to learn how to move correctly. Your well-being largely depends on this.

Bend over correctly

Do you need to lift something from the floor or the ground, and your stomach is preventing you from bending over? It is necessary not only to lean forward slightly, but first bend your knees a little and redistribute body weight to them. Use this position if you need to wash the tub or make the bed on a low couch or ottoman.

Sleep properly

It is most convenient for the expectant mother to sleep on her side. But to distribute the weight evenly, it is advisable to put a small pillow between your knees. For those who suffer from numbness or pain in the kidney area, a pillow can be placed under the side to prevent bending of the back.

Get up right

Whereas a few months ago, a gentle push was enough to get you out of bed quickly, now you need slower and more gradual movements that do not overextend your abdominal muscles. If you are lying on your back, then before standing up, roll onto your side with your shoulders slightly forward and your knees bent. After that, rest on your elbow and curl your legs, which will help to move them over the edge of the bed and sit down.

Standing right

If a pregnant woman is forced to stand for a long time due to the nature of her work, this contributes to the stagnation of blood and fluid in the legs, causing swelling and varicose veins. The expectant mother needs to periodically arrange a rest for herself: sit on a chair, substituting a low bench under her feet. Often a pregnant woman just wants to straighten her back and "push" her stomach forward, but this leads to aching pains. For this reason, and to improve circulation when you have to be on your feet for extended periods, try the following: pinch your toes and then relax them, stand on tiptoe and shift your weight from one leg to the other.

Sitting correctly

When sitting, it is very important to rest your back against the back of the chair and, if necessary, place a small pillow at kidney level. If you have a sedentary job, it would be good to interrupt it from time to time to walk a little: walking improves blood circulation and prevents hemorrhoids.

We walk right

Walking is what a pregnant woman needs. They tone the leg muscles, preventing varicose veins, and strengthen the abdominal muscles. However, as soon as you feel that you are tired, take a break: sit at the nearest bench and rest for five to ten minutes. You need to walk with your body straight and your shoulders relaxed. Shoes should be low-heeled with a comfortable last.

Drive properly

If, being pregnant, you are going on a long trip, remember that sitting in one place for several hours is harmful. Therefore, even on the train, you need to get up and walk a little around the carriage in order to stimulate blood circulation.

Tram and bus traffic will not harm the expectant mother and baby. However, in public transport, it is better to sit and approach the exit only after a complete stop: due to sudden braking, you can lose your balance and fall. And don't hesitate to ask to be replaced!

In the car: you can take any position convenient for you, sit up straight, lean back and even lie down. If you are tired, stop stretching your legs.

How should a future dad behave?

A pregnant woman is prone to outbursts of anger, mood swings, whims, the cause of which lies in hormonal changes in the body. How should a husband behave in this difficult period for the whole family? Below are the options for "bad" behavior with its corrected versions and advice from psychologists.

Owes nothing to anyone
The man is sure: all that is needed - he has already done. Therefore, he does not help his wife with the housework. Pregnancy is not a disease, washing floors and dishes is an exclusively female occupation. He calls his wife's complaints of nausea and malaise suspiciousness and whims. He thinks he has every right to relax in front of the TV after work. Where, by the way, he plows like an ox. To feed his wife and future baby. Taking out the bin is the only feat a tired husband is capable of. Because of this behavior of the "strong half", scandals break out in the family every now and then. When the wife has a compelling argument in disputes - an enlarged belly - the spouse will take over the purchase of food.

! Psychologist's advice : you will never understand what a wife experiences during pregnancy. It is enough to realize that the usual household chores became too much for her. It is difficult for her to stand at the stove due to the aggravated sensitivity to odors, it is difficult to wash the floor due to nausea coming up to her throat. Cooking dinner, visiting a store, or vacuuming a room will keep your manhood alive.

Not enough attention
The future dad gets upset that they pay little attention to him and "goes all out": he drinks beer with friends in the evenings, stays at work, and after another scandal goes to spend the night with his mother. Sometimes another woman appears on the horizon, wanting to console the "abandoned" man. The spouse has certain requirements for a pregnant wife: keep the house clean and comfortable every day, cook a three-course dinner, wear lace underwear, have a smile on your face, welcome sexual experiments, listen less to your well-being and listen to your husband more. However, some men do not like to sort things out. Offended, they leave home without giving any reason.

! Psychologist's advice. A mature, strong man will go through a period of temporary cooling of his wife, due to physiological processes. How little you have to "suffer" from lack of attention, the diagram will show. Using a compass, draw a circle with a radius of 5-7 cm. Divide it into eight equal sectors. Each sector is about 10 years of life. Paint in red the area corresponding to the wife's pregnancy plus a year or two (when the baby requires special attention). See what happened. If this technique does not work, contact a psychologist. A specialist will help you master the new role of a father.

You got me
Pregnant women suffer from the "disease of pearlescent buttons" - they themselves do not know what they want. First, the husband, to the best of his ability, tries to fulfill the wishes of his wife. In the middle of the night he goes to the other end of the city for pickles, and when he returns, he finds out that his wife has changed her mind and she needs strawberries. With humor, he refers to the daily searches for the presence of women's hair, lipstick prints, the smell of other people's perfume. He tries his best to understand why, in moments of tenderness, his wife moves away from him, crying and shouting "you don't love me." This is not an easy test for male logic. The strong half loses patience, scandals begin in the house. The husband defends his point of view, shouts or declares a boycott. The family environment is close to "armed neutrality." The spouse rejects any, even the rational proposal of the wife.

! Psychologist's advice. The key to a successful pregnancy and a happy life together is your peace of mind. Sometimes a woman herself does not understand what is happening to her, hormones are to blame for everything. Make sure that your spouse does not feel lonely, feels support, attention and care. Make it a rule to kiss your wife before leaving for work and after returning home, asking how your day went. Don't let yourself be manipulated in a big way, but do the requests you can do. The best way to end conflict is to hug your wife and tell her how much you love her.

Sexual passivity
The husband does his best to avoid intimacy with his wife. The reasons for this behavior:
- concern about the well-being of the spouse, fear of “damaging something”;
- aesthetic dissatisfaction with the wife's appearance, selfish fear that her figure will not return to normal, and sex after childbirth will be worse than before.
Having mixed feelings, a man is not inclined to discuss the problem with his wife. It leaves sex “beautifully” (“Don't wait for me, dear, I’ll arrive late”; “Go to bed, love, I’ll work a little more”). A man is not affected by lace underwear and the inviting glances of his wife. Instead of a passionate, long kiss, he "control" kisses his wife on the forehead. The future dad looks away, does not touch his wife's belly. The most extreme and unsuccessful option - mutters under his breath: "Well, you are heard, you can't go through the door."

! Psychologist's advice. When a man is driven by the desire not to harm the baby, the best way to dispel doubts is to read special literature, go with his wife to an antenatal clinic or to training courses for future parents. Accept the change in your wife's appearance as temporary. Realize, advises www.mamam-papam.ru, that pregnancy is the best proof of your masculinity and sexual attractiveness, a woman's health. Complete a creative task: on a blank sheet of paper, in free form, write what you love your wife for, find positive changes in her appearance. Read what you have written and then have your spouse read these lines. Persistent rejection of the wife speaks of problems in the relationship that appeared even before pregnancy. The couple are encouraged to visit a family psychologist.

I want a boy!
The husband harasses his wife with requests to "give birth to a boy" (option-daughter). Interest in the sex of the child is often fueled by close relatives ("You already have two girls, when will the boy be?"; "Do you need an heir"; "Grandchildren - boys - full house, where is the girl?"). Even if the ultrasound doctor upsets the future dad, he continues to hope for something. On the day of childbirth, he consoles his wife: "Nothing, next time we will make a boy." Or shakes his head reproachfully: "And Sidorov's wife gave birth to a boy yesterday."

! Psychologist's advice. This behavior offends a woman, undermines her self-confidence, instills complexes. The “ordering” for a child of a certain gender and the frustration that occurs when expectations are not met negatively affect the infant. Imagine: you go to a fun party, open the door and see the sour mines of those present: "Vasily Petrovich ... But we were not expecting you, we need Pyotr Vasilyevich." This is how your baby will feel in the world. Do not talk about who you would like. Rejoice both the boy and the girl alike. Finally, the sex of the baby is determined by the sperm. Want to know who “did the wrong thing”? Look in the mirror.

False pregnancy
Dad is concerned about the course and outcome of pregnancy no less than the spouse. She goes with her to the antenatal clinic, makes her measure blood pressure, fulfills all her whims, puts her on the sofa, buys soft toys and sweets. When a wife suffers from toxicosis, he feels bad for the company. He is determined to give birth together, reads special literature, learns to breathe correctly, but in the delivery room there is no sense in him, because at the most crucial moment he faints.

! Psychologist's advice. The future father should be interested in the condition of his wife, support her and reassure her. But at the same time - to remain a man: balanced, wise. You should not spoil your wife with sweets. Unless the doctor recommends it, don't encourage her to lie on the couch. Better take a walk together in the park, square. Joint childbirth is a separate issue. If a man decides to attend them, you need to undergo appropriate training. When there are doubts about the expediency of an act, it is better not to participate in childbirth.

Bad dad A man is afraid of changes, is not sure that he wants a child, believes that he will not cope with the role of a father. He shares his concerns with his wife. Doesn't take part in solving everyday problems (when and what kind of bed to buy, where to put it, whether you need a changing table). He says that he trusts his wife in everything, but in fact, he avoids problems.

! Psychologist's advice. The feelings and emotions of the future father are understandable. Love for the baby will not arise immediately. First, take on some of the organizational issues. The spouse chooses the crib - you provide its delivery and installation. She makes a list of the things you need - you buy them. Chat with your child. Stroke your wife's tummy every day, say good morning and good night to your baby, talk about how fun you will play together when he is born and a little older.

A few decades ago, the phrase "prenatal education" (translated from the French. "Pre" - before, "natal" - birth) was not yet commonly used and was found only in special. lit-re. It took society a while to accept this concept. Allocate: prenatal (prenatal) period - the time from conception of a child to his birth and perinatal period, which begins from the 28th week of the mother's pregnancy and ends in the first weeks after the birth of the child.

Tasks of prenatal pedagogy: the study of issues that reveal the features of intrauterine development and upbringing of the fetus, as well as the prenatal stage. This stage applies not only to the child, but also to his future parents - to the time of maturation and education of their first parental feelings. From this point of view, it is important to consider the issues of preparing parents for raising a child in a family.

Modern prenatal pedagogy is associated with other sciences: prenatal and perinatal psychology, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics and neonatology. Basic concepts: prenatal, perinatal period, embryogenesis, prenatal education, pregnancy.

Section " Prenatal (prenatal) child development»Is based on: S. Fanti's concept of the embryo. stages of mental. human development. It is important to know the sensory abilities of the fetus, as well as the factors and conditions of risk for the unborn child (environmental conditions, nutrition, stress and fears of the mother during pregnancy, negative attitude to pregnancy, etc.).

Section " Preparing for the birth of an unborn child»Includes the formation of prenatal motherhood and fatherhood. Ved. factors contributing to the maturation and manifestation of the motherhood instinct in the form of subsequent care for children and love for them (AI Zakharov): the prototype of motherhood; desire to have children, attitudes towards them; pos. response to pregnancy; fondness for fetal life; feeling of pity and compassion for the child; feeling of closeness with the child; emots. responsiveness of the mother.

Components of a mature mater. spheres: the body's ability to be born is healthy. child (physiological maturity and somatic health); moral psychologist. state; availability material. and living conditions for the development and upbringing of a child in a family (social welfare). Aspects influencing the formation of mothers. spheres: give birth. a family; interaction with your own mother; play activity; babysitting; interaction with your own child. 9 periods of maternal development. spheres of conduct by G.G. Filippova: identification of pregnancy; the period before the onset of sensations of movement; the appearance and stabilization of sensations of fetal movement; 7 and 8 months of pregnancy; childbirth and the postpartum period; newborn; joint-separate activity of mother and child; possible interests in the child as a person.

Components of a mature father. spheres: ability to conceive healthy. child (physiological maturity and somatic health); moral psychologist. a state that includes a feeling of love for a woman and a desire to have a child from her, etc .; prof. self-determination and self-improvement, striving to provide material. side of this. life (social. activity).

The School of Prenatal Pedagogy is being formed. "Sonatal" - methodology of muses. upbringing and development of the fetus, newborn and young child M.L. Lazarev.

The emergence of the branch of pedagogy - prenatal pedagogy, is due to the need to study the possibility of influencing the development of the embryo in the womb. Scientists have found that it is possible to influence not only the health of the unborn child, but also his emotions. sphere, and through it to the esthete. and intelligence. development. Based on these data, ped began to be developed. strategy of influencing the child. Expectant mothers are encouraged to experience the situation more often. emotions, listen to the classic. music, read thin. works. In addition, it is useful for both parents to have conversations with the unborn child. The child, getting used to the voice of the mother and father, and after birth recognizes, calms down when he hears them.