Magnesium is the fourth most important mineral for the human body, which has a global effect on nerves, muscles, and digestion. Associated with heart and kidney health, calcium absorption. Magnesium poisoning is a rare phenomenon that occurs against the background of renal failure or metabolic disorders.

Magnesium in the human body performs a number of important functions:

1. Regulates the work of cells, including nerve cells that transmit impulses, and immune cells that respond to bacteria and viruses. Its deficiency is associated with depression and low stress tolerance;
2. Normalizes the absorption of calcium, affecting the work of the parathyroid glands, participates in the construction of bones and teeth;
3. Accelerates metabolism, contributing to the production of digestive hormones, reduces acidity and normalizes the condition of the intestine, preventing constipation;
4. Participates in protein synthesis, therefore it is necessary for muscles;
5. Reduces the production of uric acid and oxalates, deposits of calcium stones. Simultaneously supports kidney function;
6. Controls inflammation and protects against toxins, is responsible for the body's adaptation to heat and cold, and helps prevent cancer;
7. Supports heart health arterial pressure;
8. Restores carbohydrate metabolism, improves energy production in the body and fights chronic fatigue.

With a daily intake of 400 mg for men and 300 mg for women, it is impossible to obtain an excess of magnesium in the body through the use of natural products.

The intake of an element is affected by the hardness of drinking water: the higher it is, the lower the probability of a shortage. Residents in regions with soft water are prone to deficiencies, so they should include magnesium-containing foods in their diet. More than 300 mg of the mineral is found in bran and soy, more than 200 mg in beans and buckwheat honey, more than 100 mg in oatmeal, buckwheat and nuts per 100 g of product. You can cover the need by drinking 12 tablespoons of cocoa per day.

Prescribing magnesium supplements

To cover the actual deficiency of the substance, doctors prescribe Magnesium B6 and Magnelis for irritability, muscle pain, cramps, fatigue and poor sleep.

Renal failure is the main contraindication for the appointment. The substance does not have a toxic effect on the body if the kidneys work normally. In case of malfunctions in their function, the magnesium level in the blood increases, signs of poisoning appear: nausea and vomiting, drop in blood pressure, lethargy, slowing of the heartbeat, and breathing problems. With significant intoxication of the human body, coma and paralysis occur.

You need to drink magnesium preparations strictly according to indications:

• mitral valve prolapse;
• arterial hypertension;
• diabetes mellitus against the background of obesity and atrosclerosis;
• pregnancy;
• muscle cramps in athletes;
• stress, psycho-emotional disorders, depression.

An overdose of magnesium is possible with arbitrary long-term consumption of drugs against the background of its sufficient amount in the diet.

Causes of Excess Magnesium

The most common causes of an excess of magnesium in the body:

1. Hard drinking water. With a normal concentration of calcium and magnesium ions in water, the heart muscle relaxes, but hard water often has a lack of ions and an excess of salts, which disrupts the functioning of the heart and causes persistent chronic arrhythmia.
2. Acute or chronic renal failure with reduced urine output. Usually, an excess amount is immediately excreted by the kidneys, as the body strictly controls the level of the mineral in the blood.

An excess of magnesium also appears against the background of:

• exceeding the dose of the trace element during treatment;
• overdose of magnesium sulphate in the treatment of eclampsia of pregnant women;
• the use of certain drugs (laxatives and antacids in the elderly).

The consequence of long-term use of drugs without medical indications is chronic intoxication.

The main risks of magnesium intoxication

Hypermagnesemia is most commonly seen in people with kidney failure who start taking laxatives and antacids. Therefore, people with kidney disease need to consult a doctor about how to properly take medication. Magnesium antacids should not be used for adrenal pathologies and dehydration.

Also, the risks of magnesium overdose increase with heart disease, metabolic disorders and gastrointestinal disorders, as well as with the following conditions:

• lack of thyroid hormones;
• violation of carbohydrate metabolism in diabetes mellitus;
• decrease in the level of calcium in the blood;
• slowing of the heart rate and conduction of the heart;
• urolithiasis disease.

Magnesia salt, even in large doses, does not provoke poisoning. Intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate causes intoxication, which is manifested by weakness, drowsiness. An increase in the concentration of the mineral to 2.5-5.5 mmol / l worsens the work of the heart.

Magnesium poisoning occurs at levels above 5 mmol/l and requires urgent action. In large doses, when blood concentrations reach 15-18%, a state of anesthesia occurs.

How to detect poisoning?

It is not difficult to recognize an excess of magnesium in the body by symptoms:

• nausea and vomiting;
• lethargy;
• muscle weakness;
• irregular heartbeat;
• low blood pressure;
• respiratory failure;
• decrease in urine output.

Magnesium poisoning is fraught with depression of heart function, respiratory failure (since the main respiratory muscle, the diaphragm, suffers), weakness up to paralysis.

An excess of the substance develops against the background of dyslexia (impaired ability to recognize words when reading), arthritis, psoriasis, nephrocalcinosis and hyperthyroidism.

Chronic excess of the substance is possible with uncontrolled use of drugs for the treatment of heart disease with impaired kidney function. Apathy and drowsiness appear, a person's condition worsens, diseases of the digestive organs become aggravated, diarrhea begins, and working capacity decreases.

Magnesium overdose

Do not confuse signs of an overdose with magnesium poisoning. After the drug Magnelis, even people with normal kidney function can experience abdominal pain, constipation, bloating, nausea and vomiting. Withdrawal of the medication is sufficient to reduce symptoms.

When taking Magnelis for the first time, it is worth monitoring the reactions from the immune system. Allergy to magnesium is expressed by a rash, swelling and redness. Like any drug, mineral-vitamin complexes (such as Magvit or Magne B6) should be prescribed by a doctor after a blood test to identify the need for substances. Poisoning develops only with chronic overdose, for example, antacids.

How to normalize the level of the microelement

Before lowering the level of magnesium in the blood, you need to make sure that there is an excess. You need to consult a doctor who will prescribe drugs and procedures, problem solving. The indication is a blood test.

At a concentration above 5 mmol / l and clear signs of an overdose, 10-30 ml of a 10% solution of calcium gluconate is injected intravenously. If the excess levels are insignificant, then the doctor prescribes diuretics and prescribes a plentiful drinking regimen. The results of treatment are monitored so as not to provoke a decrease in the rate and excretion of calcium.

In kidney failure, dialysis is practiced, during which the blood is purified and returned to the human body. During normal kidney function, but significant intoxication, solutions of sodium chloride and furosemide are administered in the required dosages with constant monitoring of cardiac function. An overdose of magne B6 is eliminated in a hospital.

a) Clinical picture of hypermagnesemia:

- Excess magnesium. Hypermagnesemia may be due to excessive oral intake, impaired excretion, or parenteral administration of magnesium.

- Excess oral intake of magnesium. Oral overdose of magnesium in healthy kidneys and intestines is not common. It has been observed in neonates treated with Mylanta (56 mg of elemental Mg in 4 ml) or Philips' Milk of Magnesia (8 teaspoons per day, i.e. 381.6 mg/kg per day) . Symptoms of hypermagnesemia sometimes develop in patients who frequently take magnesium-containing laxatives for drug overdose.

An excess of orally administered magnesium can induce diarrhea with elevated levels of this element in the feces. In cases of megacolon and intestinal obstruction, rectal administration of magnesium preparations resulted in lethal hypermagnesemia.

- Elimination disorder. Hypermagnesemia has been observed in patients with chronic renal failure receiving magnesium-containing antacids, enemas, or infusions. An excess of magnesium in the dialysate can also lead to symptomatic hypermagnesemia. In acute renal failure, serum magnesium levels were 2.6-3.8 meq/L (1.3-1.9 mmol/L). Azotemia, acidosis, acute skeletal muscle necrosis, and continued oral magnesium intake contribute to hypermagnesemia.

- parenteral administration. Magnesium excess symptoms may occur with parenteral magnesium therapy. The introduction of 250 ml of a liquid containing 20 g of magnesium sulfate to one adult patient for 15 minutes led to respiratory arrest, hypotension, bradycardia, expansion of the QRS complex and the QT interval. Errors by medical personnel in intravenous infusion (for example, a bottle with 50 ml of 50% magnesium sulfate instead of 2 ml of this solution) can quickly induce symptoms typical of hypermagnesemia.

b) Clinical manifestations of hypermagnesemia:

- Biochemical indicators. Symptomatic hypermagnesemia usually occurs when the plasma concentration of magnesium exceeds 4 meq/l (2 mmol/l). Its parenteral administration reduces plasma calcium levels in normal and hypoparathyroid patients. The anion deficiency may not change, but the osmolal one may increase.

- neuromuscular structures. An excess of magnesium slows down the conduction of impulses through neuromuscular synapses. At its blood level of 4 meq/l (2 mmol/l), there is a weakening or disappearance of deep tendon reflexes. At 4-7 meq / l (2-3.5 mmol / l) drowsiness is noted, and at 10 meq / l (5 mmol / l) and above - flaccid paralysis of arbitrary muscles. This can lead to impaired respiratory function and apnea, which is counteracted by calcium. In the absence of deep tendon reflexes, careful monitoring of respiration is necessary.

- The cardiovascular system. At plasma levels of magnesium 4-5 meq / l (2-2.5 mmol / l), bradycardia and hypotension are possible due to its direct vasodilating and ganglion-blocking effect at the level of peripheral arteries and arterioles. At plasma concentrations of 5-10 meq / l (2.5-5 mmol / l), there is an expansion of the intervals R-R, QRSw Q-T on the ECG. Complete heart block and cardiac arrest due to asystole are possible at levels of 15 meq/L (7.5 mmol/L) and above.

With an overdose of magnesium, already in the early stages, circulatory and respiratory arrest with coma, non-reactive pupils, flaccid limbs, loss of deep tendon reflexes and lack of response to painful stimuli are sometimes observed.

In normal individuals, 4 g of magnesium sulfate dissolved in 20 ml of 5% glucose solution, when administered intravenously, appears to increase cardiac output and heart rate, lowering systolic blood pressure and systemic vascular resistance. This is accompanied by expansion of the coronary arterioles. Parenteral administration of magnesium sulfate probably slows down conduction in the sinus and atrioventricular nodes; it also increases the refractory period of the atrioventricular node in normal individuals and may be useful in the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, quickly giving the desired response.

To stop pirouette tachycardia, magnesium sulfate (2 g per 1–2 min) was injected once or repeatedly intravenously, followed by continuous infusion at a rate of 3–20 mg Mg/min. In preeclampsia, this drug was used as an anticonvulsant: intravenously 4.0 g (saturating dose), and then 1.0-2.0 g / h.

in) Treatment of hypermagnesemia:
1. Termination of the introduction of magnesium.
2. If magnesium is in the intestines, remove it with an enema.
3. Activated carbon does not adsorb magnesium salts.
4. Monitoring of serum electrolytes, calcium, phosphorus, renal function, fluid intake, diuresis and electrocardiogram.
5. Readiness for vein catheterization, oxygen therapy and cardiac monitoring.
6. If the patient is symptomatic (hypotension, central nervous system depression), ECG changes are present, and the serum magnesium level is above 2.9 mg/100 ml (2.3 meq/l, or 1.1 mmol/l), treatment should be initiated .
7. IV 10% calcium gluconate: 10-20 ml adults, 100 mg/kg children up to a maximum of 1 g (slowly, over 5-10 minutes, with electrocardiographic monitoring). It can stop hypotension and paralysis. In severe hypermagnesaemia, calcium is indicated even if total serum levels are normal.
8. If renal function is normal, furosemide (40 mg adults, 1 mg/kg children) can be given intravenously as an alternative, replacing the urine volume with 0.89-0.90% saline. Diuresis forced with mannitol (rapid intravenous infusion of 25 g) was also helpful.
9. Dialysis may be effective, and one neonate with severe magnesium toxicity received an exchange transfusion.
10. Aminoglycosides are contraindicated because they can potentiate magnesium-induced neuromuscular blockade.
11. Pacing can be helpful.

Magnesium is very important for the normal functioning of the whole organism. Thanks to its properties, substances are produced and protein is formed. If you abuse alcohol every day, drink coffee, then the amount of magnesium will decrease dramatically.

On your own, you can only guess whether you have it, only a doctor can accurately establish the diagnosis. To detect an excess of magnesium in the body, you will need to donate blood to identify this enzyme.

What is magnesium and why does the body need it?

The chemical element Mg is essentially a metal. In tissues, it is found in the form of salts and in interaction with oxygen. People get this enzyme from the foods they consume. But often it is not enough for the normal functioning of the body. In this case, the doctor will definitely prescribe drugs containing Mg.

They must be taken if:

Factors of excess magnesium in the body were found, and its symptoms are as follows: drowsiness, convulsions, severe headache, arthritis, constipation, cardiac arrhythmia;
pregnancy is bad, which can lead to premature birth;
feel stressed;
there was a concussion;
heart diseases.

Who should not take drugs:

Hypersensitive people;
patients with kidney disease;
before childbirth.

Mg is widely used in pharmaceuticals. Many preparations are made on its basis. But how much magnesium per day should a pregnant woman or ordinary people? This is what we have to deal with.

Daily requirement of Mg

Magnesium is very important for our health. It will be constantly required to monitor the normal indicators of this enzyme in the body. It must be taken in a certain quantity per day. Adults are advised to take 400-500 grams of Mg per day, and children - half as much.

Indicators can increase dramatically if a person is subjected to physical exertion or stress, abuses alcohol.
During pregnancy, the daily dose should be many times higher.

Magnesium is able to interact with vitamins and minerals. But here you have to choose. Some substances help the enzyme to be absorbed, while others block its implementation. But before taking, consider all the features so as not to get allergic to magna B6.

When magnesium is not enough in the body?

An overdose of magnesium is a serious thing. But its excess also negatively affects the body. It is important to take timely action to get rid of side effects. A person receives the necessary vitamins by consuming certain foods.

But sometimes the body does not have enough of all this. To keep your condition normal, you need to include various cereals, bean ingredients, nuts, dairy products, as well as fruits, liver, meat products, eggs and chocolate in the menu.

Mg deficiency is determined by the following symptoms:

Fast fatiguability;
insomnia;
frequent body spasms;
twitches "eye";
the heart beats strongly;
dizzy;
numbness of hands and feet.

Taking a complex of vitamins and minerals, you will replenish the daily dose of magnesium. A large amount of taking the drug will cause magnesium poisoning.

Magnesium overdose

An excess of magnesium in the body adversely affects its well-being. The reason for this is the disturbed exchange of the incoming enzyme. An allergic indicator is extremely rare. In case of an overdose, internal organs are affected, especially the kidneys. It is with these organs that malfunctions begin.

In this case, the patient has kidney failure and dehydration. Rarely, but still there is dyslexia (not the ability to read). It also increases the activity of the thyroid gland. An excess of magnesium provokes the development of arthritis and psoriasis. Stones form in the kidneys.
A person can observe some problems with the muscles.

There is complete atrophy. The person feels tired. Thoughts develop slowly while declining. It can be concluded that with an excess of magnesium, all systems in the body begin to slow down.

If the indicator of the excess enzyme is not reduced, the symptoms become even more active. Some people are allergic to magnesium. You need to contact your doctor immediately for further action.

How to help the patient?

Unfortunately, the effects of excess magnesium are dangerous for the human body. The victim must be given first aid. The first step is to wash the stomach. There are substances that destroy magnesium - calcium and gluconate. These two enzymes can be administered intravenously.

The doctor must be present during such manipulations. Perhaps the patient will be sent to go to the hospital, where they will conduct a thorough examination. An excess of the drug can be removed through the genitourinary system. To do this, you will have to drink a lot of fluids.

If this fails to remove the substance, then special preparations will be connected. When taking vitamins, strictly follow the instructions. Usually, an overdose of the drug is extremely rare, there are cases where patients were allergic to magnesium. But this does not apply to everyone, because we are all different and our bodies are all individual. If you do not notify the doctor about an overdose, serious consequences may appear.

With a lack of magnesium in the body, the doctor prescribes to patients the intake of certain drugs based on this enzyme.

1. Magne B6 is brought to your attention. This is the most popular remedy that replenishes Mg in the body. The active ingredients of this drug are magnesium lactate and pyridoxine hydrochloride. These two components are perfectly combined with each other and absorbed in the body. Magne B6 can be bought at any pharmacy. The product is available in the form of oval-shaped tablets and in ampoules. Tablets should not be taken by children under 7 years of age. But, as for the ampoules, they can be prescribed to children from 1 year old. This drug should not be taken with calcium, as it neutralizes magnesium.

2. There is another very popular remedy Cardiomagnyl. The main components of the drug are acetylsalicylic acid and magnesium hydroxide. The drug is released in the form of tablets. Reception is carried out for preventive purposes from heart disease. This remedy should not be taken by pregnant women in the first 6 months of gestation, during breastfeeding and persons under 18 years of age. Also, Cardiomagnyl is not recommended for patients with stomach ulcers and asthma. You can not combine taking the drug with the use of alcohol.

3. Next comes Magnerot. The main component of this medicinal product magnesium orotate. The drug is produced in the form of white tablets. The doctor prescribes Magnerot as a prophylaxis against heart disease, with spasms and pain in the muscles. An overdose of the drug is excluded. Do not take pills for kidney problems and hypersensitive people. Persons under 18 years of age are strictly prohibited from taking this remedy. Magnerot interacts poorly with oral contraceptives and diuretics.

4. Magnesium sulfate contains the component we need. The product is available in ampoules and powder form. Magnesium sulfate is an antispasmodic. The drug is able to normalize blood pressure, so it is prescribed for hypertensive patients. If the solution is administered intravenously, then this should be done very slowly. The person may have difficulty breathing. In a critical situation, you will need to inject calcium. It neutralizes magnesium in the body.

How does Mg affect the body?

If there is a shortage of magnesium in the body, then the central nervous system suffers first of all. This is due to electrolyte disturbance and an increase in potassium ions. You will see immediately if an overdose of magnesium has occurred. There is lethargy, loss of consciousness and shortness of breath. This is very serious. If you do not pay attention to this, in the most severe cases, paralysis and coma occur.

Excess Mg is able to release the neurotransmitter. Such an impact completely destroys the neuromuscular transmission of the nerve impulse. With serious deviations, a decrease in muscle tone is observed. There is diarrhea, weakness of the whole body and failure in the heart.

Magnesium is of great importance for the body. Magnesium deficiency occurs, as a rule, in people who follow a diet for weight loss for a long time. In addition, stress, the wrong way of eating, drinking a lot of coffee and tea lead to the fact that magnesium is washed out of the body. However, magnesium overdose may be less hazardous to health.

Causes of Excess Magnesium

An excess of a vitamin is sometimes much worse than hypovitaminosis. An excess of magnesium in the body is an extremely rare condition, but, nevertheless, possible. Causes of Excess Magnesium in the body, in most cases, are associated with the thyroid gland and adrenal glands. Magnesium retention in the body also contributes to the use of psychotropic drugs (necessary for the treatment of mental illness).

Excess magnesium also often accompanies cancer. As a result of cancerous changes in the body, magnesium metabolism changes. If the research reveals elevated levels of magnesium in the blood it is likely that you are developing cancer.

Too much magnesium in the body can appear in children who eat modified milk or drink mineral water. Attention should be paid to the content of magnesium ions in the water given to the child. The kidneys of infants are not as efficient as those of adults, so excess magnesium accumulates in the body instead of being excreted in the urine.

An excess of magnesium occurs also because of the very active use of this element. Therefore, when taking vitamin and mineral preparations, you should carefully calculate the dose.

Symptoms of excess magnesium in the body

Symptoms of excess magnesium depend on how much of this element is in the body.

The most common health problems caused by too high magnesium levels include:

• circulatory arrest;
• coma;
• in extreme cases, death.

However, this does not mean that magnesium should be completely abandoned. Magnesium is a very important element, without which the normal functioning of the body would be impossible.

Magnesium is considered quite an important element in the human body, as it plays a role in the structure of muscles, the nervous system, and it also affects the normalization of digestion. It is necessary that this substance enters the body in sufficient quantities to improve the absorption of calcium, as well as support the functioning of the kidneys and heart of a person at any age.

Today it is quite rare to find magnesium poisoning, but still an overdose of magnesium happens, for this reason it is so necessary to know what to do if there are symptoms of an excess of this substance in the body. It should be noted right away that an excess of magnesium in the body often manifests itself only in people with kidney failure, and also if a person has severely disturbed metabolic processes in the body.

What are the functions of magnesium?

This substance must necessarily enter the human body every day, while it is necessary to replenish the full norm of this substance per day so that the work of the body goes smoothly. Magnesium helps to improve the functioning of the nervous system, it is with its abundance that the body does not fail in the transmission of nerve impulses to the brain, and the substance also has a beneficial effect on the cells of the immune system, which is obliged to protect the body from all bacteria and microbes. If there is too little of this component in the body, then a person begins to become depressed, and the body is more prone to stress. It is important to replenish the insufficient amount of magnesium, since it is responsible for the rapid absorption of calcium, only if there is enough magnesium, the patient's teeth and bones will remain strong and healthy.

The substance is simply necessary for the muscles, as it participates in protein synthesis, helps digestion, removes toxins from the body, and also protects against penetration harmful substances to the organs.

Magnesium is simply necessary for the normal functioning of the heart, and with its abundance, you can notice a significant improvement in the normalization of blood pressure.

It helps maintain kidney function, prevents constipation, and in addition to all this, fights against chronic fatigue.

During the day, a person needs to take a certain amount of magnesium orally, women must take a daily intake of 300 mg, while men must consume at least 400 mg of this substance. There are certain magnesium-containing drugs that can make up for the deficiency of a substance in a person’s blood, but it is because of such drugs that an overabundance of magnesium or an allergy to this substance in the form of tablets occurs. It is worth saying that the component is contained not only in food, but also in ordinary drinking water, the higher the hardness of the water, the higher the magnesium content in it.

When can doctors prescribe magnesium?

Today, many patients are prescribed a special drug called Magnesium B6, but it is not uncommon for patients to return to the doctor, complaining that they are allergic to Magnesium B6, and this is far from uncommon, since the drug is of synthetic origin. Doctors prescribe a vitamin in order to reduce fatigue and irritability of the patient, it is used for severe muscle pain or severe fatigue.

An excess of magnesium in the body may occur due to the fact that the patient did not tell the doctor about the presence of certain diseases, for example, kidney failure is an important contraindication to the use of this drug. The doctor may prescribe the use of this drug for arterial hypertension, muscle cramps that occur in athletes after training or at the time of exercise.

Magnesium is also indicated for people who have begun to develop diabetes due to obesity or atherosclerosis, magnesium B6 is often used by pregnant women or people suffering from stress and depression.

An overdose when prescribing a drug by a doctor is extremely rare, but still, if you take pills for a long time, while consuming a sufficient amount of magnesium with food, you can face the unpleasant consequences of an excess of magnesium in the body.

What are the reasons for an overdose?

The most common cause today is hard water, it contains more salts, for this reason it negatively affects the work of the heart and kidneys, and also causes chronic arrhythmia. In addition, in acute and chronic renal failure, there is almost always an excess of magnesium in the body, the symptoms of which can lead to very serious consequences for the patient's body. In addition, an overdose can occur because a person takes a large dose of this drug, an excess of a substance can be caused by other drugs used by older people, such as constipation medicines.

How does an overdose of this substance manifest itself?

An excess of magnesium in the body is not at all difficult to identify, you just need to pay attention to some symptoms. For example, if a patient begins to experience severe muscle weakness and lethargy after using this drug, it could be a magnesium allergy or an overdose of this drug, most often these symptoms occur during pregnancy.

In addition, there may be feelings of nausea, vomiting and a decrease in blood pressure are not uncommon. It is worth monitoring the heart rate, as an allergy to magnesium causes malfunctions in the heart muscle, and respiratory function may also be impaired. An overdose is usually accompanied by an infrequent urge to urinate, and urine becomes more concentrated.

Before taking this drug, it is best to ask your doctor how much magnesium you need to take per day, given the human diet, this is the only way to avoid an overdose of the drug. If you use a drug based on this substance every day without consulting a doctor, this can lead to very serious consequences, for example, the heart muscle suffers, it works more weakly, which leads to insufficiency, and the muscles of the diaphragm relax, this is fraught not only with impaired respiratory functions, but and complete respiratory depression. Weakness may be mild at first, but the more the drug enters the patient's blood, the more obvious the signs of muscle weakness become, this can lead to complete paralysis.

An excess of this substance often develops for the reason that a person already has other diseases, for example, when the patient suffers from arthritis or psoriasis. If an overdose passes into a chronic stage, then a person develops apathy, diarrhea appears, drowsiness may occur and performance may decrease.

How to normalize the amount of magnesium in the blood

Since an excess of magnesium can occur for various reasons, it is worth considering different options, the first is allergic, the second is an excess dose of the drug. It is very important to know that all the symptoms described above cannot accurately indicate that there is too much of this substance in the blood, for this reason a person must be convinced of an overdose. In this case, it is necessary to consult an experienced doctor, he will be able to determine the amount of magnesium according to the results of a blood test. In severe cases of overdose, the patient may need urgent medical attention, with allergies, you just have to stop taking the medicine, and your health will improve.

If doctors have detected an overdose of magnesium, then the patient is shown intravenous administration of a ten percent solution of calcium gluconate, about thirty milliliters of this solution is enough. This method of reducing magnesium in the blood is indicated only if more than five mmol of magnesium is detected per liter of blood, at lower concentrations another method of treatment is necessary.

So, if the overdose is insignificant, then the doctor may prescribe the use of special diuretic drugs, and a plentiful fluid intake regimen is also prescribed. Treatment will be supervised by a doctor to prevent a sharp drop in calcium in the patient's blood.

If an overdose occurs for the reason that the patient has kidney failure, then the patient must be prescribed dialysis, this procedure purifies the blood using a special device, and then returns it to the body. If the kidneys are working normally, intravenous solutions of furosemide and sodium chloride may be needed, in which case the excess magnesium is eliminated only in the hospital under the supervision of doctors.

It is rather difficult to provoke an overdose of magnesium in oneself, because the excess of this element is successfully excreted by the kidneys. However, if this happens, an excess of magnesium in the body feels much worse than its lack, and in some situations leads to sad consequences.

The most common causes of hypermagnesemia are:

• Chronic or acute kidney dysfunction. If these organs do not work properly, they are not able to remove unnecessary magnesium. In addition to this element, many other unprofitable compounds accumulate in the body, and together this gives a serious deterioration in well-being.
• Hard drinking water. Such properties of the latter are explained by the increased concentration various salts, including calcium and magnesium, which prevent the heart muscle from working normally, causing chronic arrhythmia.
• Overdose of drugs. Sometimes patients themselves exceed the prescribed doses of Mg, and sometimes magnesium preparations are taken for too long and without any medical indications at all. In some cases, when eclampsia is treated in pregnant women, there is an overdose of magnesium sulfate. The elderly, taking antacids and laxatives, can also provoke hypermagnesemia.

Other possible reasons that cause an excess of magnesium in the body are serious diseases. If a person has problems with the adrenal glands and / or the thyroid gland, this can cause a delay in Mg in the body. Regular use of psychotropic drugs for the treatment of various psychological disorders leads to the same effect.

In oncological diseases, an excess of Mg may appear due to the fact that cancer leads to changes in body functions, disrupting magnesium metabolism. This rule also applies to reverse side- when a person suddenly has an excess of magnesium in the blood (while he did not take any special drugs), it is likely that he develops an oncological disease.

Magnesium overdose can occur in children who drink mineral water and eat modified milk. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to the Mg content in what you give your child. In addition, the kidneys of babies, especially infants, do not work well enough to successfully remove excess magnesium, and it accumulates in their body.

Symptoms of hypermagnesemia, depending on the doses of Mg

This item will be of more interest to those who know how to read analyzes. Therefore, if you are not used to understanding what is written on your medical card, go to the next paragraph.

An overdose of magnesium is stated when this drug in the blood plasma is more than 1.1 mol / liter. When the concentration exceeds 1.5 mol / liter, the following symptoms appear:

• apathy,
• drowsiness,
• dry hair,
• peeling, redness of the skin,
• the skin feels hot, but there is no heat,
• dry mouth
• nausea, vomiting,
• indigestion, dehydration,
• decrease in heart rate.

An excess of Mg, reaching 2.5 mol / liter causes:

• exacerbation of the above symptoms,
• serious changes in the work of the heart.

When an overdose reaches 5 mol/liter, the following occurs:

• increased signs of excess Mg,
• the work of the heart worsens even more,
• there is muscle activity,
• tendon reflexes change.

If the concentration of magnesium exceeds 5 mol/liter occurs:

• breathing disorder,
• oxygen deprivation,
• heart failure.

With an overdose of Mg up to 7.5 Mol / liter and above, the likelihood of cardiac arrest is high.

Signs of magnesium poisoning

Chronic overdose of magnesium is more difficult to identify, since its symptoms at the initial stage are mild and easy to confuse with symptoms of other diseases. With the utmost accuracy, it is easier to ascertain from a blood test.

Therefore, here we will talk about an acute overdose of Mg, resulting from improper intake of magnesium-containing drugs or due to the fact that the body is not able to remove it due to illness or other weaknesses. She observes:

• disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea,
• nausea, vomiting,
• chest tightness, respiratory depression,
• a strong decrease in blood pressure,
• oppression or even absence of some natural reflexes, for example, patella,
• partial loss of muscle control,
• arrhythmia, feeling that the heart is pounding.

Why is this happening? This is due to how magnesium affects the human body. Because Mg is a potent depressant, it can overexert the nervous system in overdose. The latter, to one degree or another, ceases to control the muscles. On the basis of this, arrhythmia occurs, reflexes disappear and breathing is disturbed. Let's look at how an overdose of magnesium disrupts the functioning of individual body systems.

Excess Mg and the nervous system

Too much magnesium leads to changes in the peripheral nerves and the central nervous system. This occurs due to an imbalance of electrolytes, a decrease in the concentration of Mg and K ions in the cell and its increase in the intercellular space. As a result, inhibition of reflexes, respiratory depression and even loss of consciousness occur. When the concentration of Mg in the blood increases to 3 Mol/liter, deep anesthesia occurs. Outwardly, it looks like a dream, but it is dangerous for the development of paralysis, lethargy and coma.

Excess Mg and muscle work

When there are too many Mg ions in the interstitial fluid, they do not allow the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to be produced in a normal amount. Thus, the transmission of impulse from the nerves to the muscles is disrupted. The consequences are a decrease in the tone of smooth, skeletal muscles, up to the absence of their contraction, paralysis. The first sign that smooth muscles have lost their tone is diarrhea, indicating excessive relaxation of the intestines. Followed by:

• muscle weakness,
• decreased reflexes,
• violation of cardiac activity.

Excess Mg and heart

Magnesium relaxes the heart muscle, impairing its contractility. The result is:

• expansion of blood vessels,
• bradycardia (decreased heart rate)
• impulse conduction between the ventricle and the atrium is impaired,
• lowering blood pressure,
• heart failure.

Most often, such symptoms in a vivid form are observed in old age. In a relatively healthy adult, a disturbance in the conduction of an impulse between the ventricle and the atrium develops very rarely.

First aid for acute magnesium poisoning

• Stop the absorption of Mg into the blood. To do this, if the drug was taken orally, it is necessary to wash the stomach with plenty of water.
• Be sure to call an ambulance.
• A calcium-containing drug must be administered intravenously, since Ca is able to neutralize Mg due to its opposite action.

The hospital will continuously monitor the content of magnesium ions in urine and blood. Also, doctors will find out the reason why the body could not independently remove the excess of this element. When renal failure is detected, the patient undergoes hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. If after that the level of Mg in the blood is still elevated, additional tests are carried out to detect cancer or dysfunction of the adrenal glands, thyroid gland.

How to normalize the level of Mg in the body

These tips are good for those who have identified an excess of Mg at the initial stage of a blood test, when this element has not yet done serious harm in the body.

• Check with your doctor to avoid making your hypermagnesemia a magnesium deficiency.
• Use prescribed diuretics and drink plenty of clean water at the same time.
• You can’t take diuretics on your own, because, in addition to magnesium, they flush out other useful elements, such as potassium, from the body.

Is there an allergy to magnesium

Yes, it happens, however, according to medical scientists, this is observed quite rarely and is almost impossible. Because:

• You can’t cause an allergy to magnesium with food products, because you need to eat the same halvah, greens, bran many kilograms at a time.
• In any more or less normally functioning organism, excess magnesium, like any other element, is excreted by the kidneys.

The only thing that can provoke an allergic reaction is the use of magnesium-containing drugs. And here it is not necessary to accuse the victim of amateur performance. Just in tablets and injections, the concentration of Mg is very high, so the body of some may misperceive such a powerful "infusion", causing an allergic reaction.

Sometimes a person is fond of bioadditives and takes Mg at the same time, which may not be compatible with them. But here we return to the beginning of the article, which talked about an overdose due to the uncontrolled use of the drug. An allergic reaction also occurs when you take long breaks from taking magnesium, and then use it in too high dosages.

Well, the last option is obvious allergies. Everything is clear here: if your body rejects cocoa, nuts, sesame seeds, chocolate, you cannot take Mg without serious tests and a doctor's recommendation.

Magnesium allergy symptoms and treatment

The symptoms of a magnesium allergy are similar to those of a common food allergy:

• indigestion, vomiting,
• skin rash, itching,
• pain in the abdomen, stomach,
• feeling of body aches, fatigue, malaise,
• lowering blood pressure,
• temperature rise.

To find out if you are really allergic to Mg, go to the hospital. Since this reaction occurs after some time, and not immediately (the concentration of magnesium in the blood must reach a certain level), it is difficult to determine what your body is so hostile to. Or maybe it's something else?

In the hospital, you will pass tests, and the doctor will accurately determine the cause of the deterioration in well-being. Next, antihistamines will be prescribed, which must be treated in strictly prescribed doses by the doctor and not exceeding the time of admission. Otherwise, the uncontrolled use of antihistamines can cause drowsiness, inhibition of reactions, and even addiction.

Magnesium in the right doses is very useful for the body, this element takes part in many vital processes. It becomes an enemy to health in case of an overdose, as, indeed, any other substance. Therefore, it is better not to self-medicate by “prescribing” magnesium-containing drugs for yourself.

If you have kidney failure, cancer, thyroid dysfunction, adrenal glands or even drinking too hard water - all this can cause an increase in the concentration of Mg in the blood. Being in this risk group, donate blood for tests at least once a year. If you take care of yourself in this way, chances are you won't experience the effects of a magnesium overdose.

In the article, we will consider the compatibility of magnesium and iron. In order to cope with a vitamin deficiency, you need to either review your diet or choose a vitamin complex. In addition, a person can take individual minerals and vitamins. Of course, it is much more convenient to take one tablet containing everything you need, but the benefit in this case is in question.

Doctors often prescribe iron with magnesium. Do they have compatibility? Let's figure it out in the article.

By taking minerals and vitamins separately, you can both take into account their compatibility and avoid an overdose of those substances that already enter the body in sufficient quantities from food. In order for such substances to be optimally used and absorbed by the body, you need to know what the compatibility of iron and magnesium preparations is. Some minerals and vitamins interfere with each other's work, while others, on the contrary, help. In addition, some substances may not be absorbed at all and are used by the human body separately.

So, let's talk about the compatibility of magnesium and iron. How to take these substances?

Compatibility

Iron, like other important elements for the body, a person receives with food. When this is not enough, special medical devices are used. Many people wonder what is the compatibility of magnesium and iron.

Consider below the compatibility of magnesium and iron in more detail.

Hardware: good and bad compatibility

Iron has good compatibility with vitamins C, B3, A and copper. Vitamins A, C and copper improve the absorption of iron. This element has poor compatibility with vitamins B12, E, calcium, chromium, magnesium and zinc. Calcium, chromium, magnesium and zinc interfere with iron absorption. But iron interferes with the absorption of vitamins B12 and E, manganese and calcium. That is, the compatibility of iron and magnesium B6 is very poor.

Good and bad magnesium compatibility

Magnesium has good compatibility with B vitamins (excluding B1) and calcium.

Poor compatibility with manganese, phosphorus, vitamins E and B1 (in large quantities even with calcium). Due to magnesium, the absorption of vitamins E and B1 worsens. Manganese and phosphorus impair the absorption of magnesium. An excessive amount of magnesium causes a deficiency of phosphorus and calcium.

During pregnancy

Women are often interested in the question of the compatibility of magnesium and iron during pregnancy. The trace elements that come with the products are important, but each in its own way. One of the first places in this list belongs to magnesium. From the first days of pregnancy, it is necessary for the fetus, as it contributes to the formation of its bones and nervous system. Magnesium expectant mother needed as a natural sedative.

The substance, even during childbirth, can play a good role: the process, if it is lacking, can be delayed, as the muscles work inactively. Magnesium is present in large quantities in the muscles, with its help they can easily contract and relax. With a lack of magnesium, the normal functioning of the heart muscle, muscle and nervous tissue is impossible. In addition, this microelement regulates the metabolic process in the body.

Norms

The needs of a woman during pregnancy: the norm in the blood is the content of magnesium from 0.66 to 0.99 mmol / l, the average for carrying a baby is from 0.8 to 1.05 mmol / l. During breastfeeding and childbearing, the required magnesium content is calculated according to the formula 10-15 mg per kg per day.

In addition to obvious physical pathologies, magnesium deficiency causes a bad mood, blues, insomnia, apathy, anxiety and pessimism. Naturally, such moods are not the best companions of a woman who is expecting a baby. In the absence of magnesium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, calcium and vitamin C are not absorbed.

Why is there a shortage?

The lack of magnesium in the body happens for several reasons:

• the main one is to reduce the consumption of foods and preparations that contain the substance;
• excessive excretion of it from the body;
• high need for magnesium, which is noted during pregnancy.

Often the cause of violations of the absorption of magnesium by the body is the use of certain drugs. For example, scientists have determined that antacids (Maalox, Almagel), which pregnant women often use for heartburn, as well as diuretics, prevent this.

It should be noted that a lack of magnesium is very often accompanied by a deficiency of vitamin B6 in the body.

How to take magnesium for pregnant women?

Now we know about the dubious compatibility of magnesium B6 and iron. Of course, it is necessary to replenish the reserves of useful substances. Doctors may recommend that a woman take supplemental magnesium in tablet form. In this case, it must be borne in mind that it is undesirable to take iron and magnesium supplements at the same time, since this significantly reduces the absorption of both the first and second trace elements. That is why the interval between the use of these two elements should be at least two hours. It must also be remembered that the absorption of magnesium improves with low physical exertion and decreases with a sedentary lifestyle. You should try not to drink the drug after eating, as it neutralizes the acidity of the stomach.

We talked about the compatibility of magnesium and iron.

Magnesium and calcium

There is a close relationship between magnesium and calcium. There should be a balance between these elements. When the balance is disturbed, the human body absorbs them harder. On the menu, the ideal ratio of calcium to magnesium is two to one. Such a proportion of these trace elements, for example, is found in apples of the dolomite variety. There is a lot of magnesium in sprouted grains and wheat bran, wheat, oatmeal and buckwheat porridge, bananas, greens, peas, soybeans, almonds.

The functioning of multivitamin complexes

Much effort has been made by pharmaceutical companies to combine incompatible vitamins in one tablet. This was achieved by concluding one of the "conflict" substances in a specific microcapsule. In addition, controlled release technology is used, in which different substances combined in one tablet are absorbed at a certain interval. That is why multivitamin complexes have the right to exist.

Multivitamin complexes, however, are suitable only for healthy people who drink vitamins for prophylactic purposes. And only in the situation when there is a real need for them, for example, with an unbalanced diet. If you take vitamins as a therapeutic agent for some disease, it is advisable to use a monopreparation. You should not prescribe them yourself, it is advisable to consult with your doctor.

Compatibility of minerals and vitamins with products

In addition to the compatibility of different minerals and vitamins with each other, it is recommended to take into account the functioning of the products. Mineral-vitamin complexes become only an additive to the basic human diet, which also contains biologically active components. This influence is far from favorable in all cases.

The list of the main factors that can significantly reduce the result of the use of minerals and vitamins:

We looked at the compatibility of magnesium and iron. How to take these minerals at home has been described above.

The materials are published for review and are not a prescription for treatment! We recommend that you contact a hematologist at your healthcare facility!

An excess of magnesium (Mg) in the blood or hypermagnesemia, as well as its deficiency, is a dangerous pathology - the balance between potassium and calcium, which are contained in the cells of the body, is disturbed. The disease entails malfunctions of the heart (lowering blood pressure), disorders in the central nervous system, and can also provoke paralysis.

If there is an excess of Mg ions in the body, this indicates that there is a violation in the functioning of the kidneys, that is, they do not adequately remove it from the body. In addition, there are other factors in the development of pathology.

The main causes of hypermagnesemia:

• excessive saturation of the body with magnesium (abuse of preparations containing Mg, the use of serums with a high concentration of trace element ions during pregnancy);
• kidney failure;
• violation in the acid-base balance, which provokes the redistribution of Mg from the cells into the interstitial fluid.

Note: An increase in the concentration of magnesium in the blood or hypermagnesemia often worries the elderly. This may be due to comorbidities.

GGT or gamma-glutamyltransferase is a protein that is directly involved in amino acid metabolism in body cells. For the most part, it is found in the cells of the kidneys, pancreas and liver. With an increased content of this protein, specialists can determine the degree of damage to liver cells.

The general picture of hypermagnesemia can be seen in the photo below.

Causes, symptoms and treatment of pathology

Many believe that if the body has an excess of trace elements, then this is good, the main thing is that there is no deficiency. The opinion is wrong. With a sudden increase in Mg in the blood, a person's condition worsens significantly. If the level of the presence of the element is more than 7 mmol / l, cardiac arrest is possible.

• weakness throughout the body, loss of balance, impaired consciousness, drowsiness, paralysis is possible;
• disorders in the functioning of the digestive tract - nausea, vomiting, intestinal upset;
• dilatation of blood vessels, which leads to a decrease in pressure and difficulty breathing.

Such changes in the body occur due to inhibition of neuromuscular transmission, inhibition of the excitability of the nervous system, which is provoked by an increase in the level of magnesium, calcium and potassium in the intercellular fluid.

The manifestation of symptoms of hypermagnesemia in percentage terms

To determine the level of magnesium in the body, it is enough to take a blood test. The results of the study can be ready within a short period of time. And, therefore, you can immediately begin treatment.

The opposite of magnesium is calcium. Therefore, in order to stop the increase in the concentration of magnesium in the blood, intramuscular injections of doses of calcium must be carried out.

Important: The dosage of calcium depends on the amount of magnesium in the blood. Such injections are calculated and prescribed only by a doctor.

Also, to stabilize the patient's condition and bring the level of magnesium back to normal, it is recommended to take diuretics, but only if the kidneys work well. Otherwise, specialists are forced to do dialysis, that is, partly the functioning of the kidneys is performed using equipment.

Hypermagnesemia is a severe pathology that adversely affects the functioning of many vital organs. Timely diagnosis and treatment will help to avoid negative consequences and complications, so it is not recommended to ignore the symptoms of the disease.

source

Magnesium is a mineral that takes part in most important processes of the human body. It is responsible for the contraction of smooth muscles, affects the amount of hormones, is involved in the transport of nutrients and ensures the strength of the skeleton.

Its excess in the body is as undesirable as a deficiency.

Magnesium enters the human body as part of certain foods and water. The largest amount of the mineral can be found in plant foods. Under the influence of heat treatment, it becomes many times smaller. The leaders in its content are legumes. A considerable amount of magnesium can be found in cereals such as buckwheat, oats, barley, barley and wheat.

To prevent a deficiency of the substance, you should also eat a sufficient amount of seafood, and in particular cod, shrimp, sea bass, herring and mackerel. From fruits and berries, preference should be given to strawberries, bananas, raspberries, blackberries and citrus fruits. Magnesium, which is part of dairy products, has good digestibility.

Peculiarities: In canned foods, the amount of nutrients is significantly reduced. An exception may be canned green peas.

The daily norm of the mineral is 0.4 grams (more). During childbearing the need for it increases to 0.45 grams per day. An excess amount of a substance has a toxic effect on the body. Most often, this phenomenon is characteristic of an overdose of drugs containing magnesium.

An excess of magnesium in the body Negative influence for well-being. The reasons for this phenomenon can be the following factors:

• Incorrectly composed daily diet;
• Abuse of medicines and dietary supplements;
• Excessive consumption of mineral waters;
• Metabolic disease;
• oncological disease;
• kidney disease;

Excess magnesium is excreted from the body by the kidneys. People with kidney failure are more likely to develop hypermagnesemia than others. To get rid of an excess amount of a macronutrient, treatment of the excretory system is required. Vitamin complexes should be taken with caution in violation of the heart, the presence diabetes or hormonal imbalance.

Symptoms of hypermagnesemia indicate that may need treatment soon. The deviation is not as harmless as it might seem at first glance. A person may suspect hypermagnesemia by the presence of the following symptoms:

• Apathy and decreased performance;
• Violation of the stool;
• Signs of dehydration;
• muscle weakness and cramps;
• violation of coordination;
• Dryness of the skin surface and mucous membranes;
• The appearance of drowsiness;
• Increase in body temperature;
• Decreased heart rate;

The intensity of the manifestation of signs of deviation depends on the degree of excess of the mineral. Only some symptoms may appear in the initial stages. But over time, it will be much easier to determine hypermagnesemia by indirect signs, as they become more pronounced.

Interesting: Magnesium is a calcium antagonist. It is not recommended to take these elements at the same time.

Symptoms of excess magnesium in the body in women are not so easy to notice, this leads to the development of a number of diseases. To avoid complications, you should listen to your body. Against the background of an increase in the number of elements, the following may develop:

• Psoriasis;
• Thyroid diseases;
• Arthritis;
• Nephrocalcinosis;
• Disorders of the heart;

An overdose of the substance leads to a deterioration in the contractility of the muscular system. It also dilates blood vessels and lowers blood pressure.

First, a person’s general condition worsens - muscle pains, drowsiness appear, and performance deteriorates. Then there are violations of the gastrointestinal tract, which are manifested in vomiting or diarrhea.

Despite the fact that the substance is toxic, its overabundance cannot lead to death. But many life support systems will suffer greatly, which will affect the quality of life.

Magnesium is often prescribed to treat depression. But the abuse of treatment adversely affects the nervous system. The person becomes excitable, irritability appears. Sleep function is disturbed, nightmares begin to disturb at night.

An excess of magnesium often affects people involved in sports. Preparations with its content increase endurance and give energy. They have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the muscular system. But this is possible only if the dosage is observed. Abuse of dietary supplements leads to cramps and muscle pain.

An excess amount of magnesium is also reflected in the work of the heart muscle. The heart rate is reduced. In the elderly, hypermagnesemia can lead to atrioventricular conduction abnormalities. In this case, the blood vessels dilate. There is a deterioration in well-being against the background of a decrease in blood pressure.

Reference: One of the signs of cardiac disorders in hypermagnesemia is the blue area of ​​the nasolabial triangle.

Symptoms of an excess of magnesium in the body in women are as pronounced as the overdose is. Typically, a macronutrient is prescribed during pregnancy or childbearing age to strengthen the reproductive system.

Exceeding the level of the mineral can lead to hyperfunction of the thyroid gland. On this ground there is a possibility of developing diffuse goiter. This is one of the most dangerous types of abnormalities in the thyroid gland.

The disease harms not only the woman, but also the unborn child. It is highly likely that hyperthyroidism will be inherited by him. Symptoms of this phenomenon include:

• The appearance of tachycardia;
• Weight loss in women
• Visual enlargement of the thyroid gland;
• Increased heart rate during sleep;

Along with this, a woman develops sensitivity to high temperatures. A fever appears, the skin becomes hot and moist. This disorder is also characterized by sudden mood swings. If you experience the described symptoms it is recommended to consult a doctor immediately monitoring pregnancy.

Hypermagnesemia requires a serious approach. This problem cannot be ignored. First of all, you need to follow a diet that excludes foods that contain magnesium.

Important: The diagnosis of hypermagnesemia is not based on the presence of symptoms alone. It is necessary to pass an analysis that reveals the amount of this element in the blood. Read how to take a blood test for magnesium.


If, as a result of the analysis, there is a figure above 5 mmol / l, then the patient is shown injections with calcium gluconate. The solution is administered intravenously. With a less intense increase in magnesium, diuretics are prescribed. During treatment, it is advisable to drink more liquid. It is also recommended to monitor the dynamics of improvements in order to avoid calcium excretion from the body.

It is very important to monitor the performance of the kidneys and heart during treatment. If the kidneys fail, dialysis is performed. In case of toxic poisoning with medicines, gastric lavage is performed. The treatment process should be carried out on the territory of a medical institution, under the supervision of qualified specialists.

Peculiarities: With an increase in the amount of the mineral, the ability to read may be impaired.

Despite the possibility of overdose, the use of magnesium preparations should not be neglected if necessary. It is important that the macronutrient level does not exceed the limits of acceptable norms. In this case, the substance will bring only benefits.

source

Magnesium is a light metal with a silvery-white color. It was first isolated by the English chemist Humphry Davy in 1808. It contains about 2% in the earth's crust. A large amount of it is also found in sea water. The density of magnesium at 20 ° C is 1.737 g / cm 3, melting point 651 ° C, boiling point 1103 ° C. Magnesium of high purity is ductile, well forged, pressed, rolled and machinable. Under normal conditions, its surface is covered with a strong protective film of magnesium oxide MgO, which is destroyed when heated in air to about 600 ° C, after which the metal burns with a dazzling white flame. When it burns, a large amount of heat is released. Magnifique means magnificent. From this French word and got its name element of the periodic table - magnesium.

In the human body, the amount of magnesium is approximately 70 grams. Approximately 60% of it is in the bones and teeth, 39% is in the cells of the body (including organs) and only 1% is in the blood. Magnesium is the 4th most abundant mineral in the human body and is involved in over 350 different biochemical processes. Calm and well-coordinated work of all systems of our body, especially the nervous system, both central and peripheral, depends on magnesium. Magnesium activates the work of enzymes responsible for the absorption of protein and other nutrients by the body. As part of various enzymes, it is involved in digestion, energy production, muscle function, bone formation, the creation of new cells, the activation of B vitamins, the reduction of muscle tension, and also affects the functioning of the heart, kidneys, adrenal glands, brain and nervous system. Lack of sufficient magnesium in the body can be a serious hindrance to any of these processes, if not all at once.

Without magnesium, our body would be unprotected from infections, as the production of antibodies would be slow. Normal blood clotting, estrogen production, the functioning of the genitourinary and digestive systems also depend on magnesium. The role and functions of magnesium in the body are enormous:
1. Provides normal activity of cell membranes.
2. Increases the immune activity of cells.
3. Magnesium in the body is necessary for the normal functioning of the nervous tissue, is involved in the transmission of nerve impulses, calms the central nervous system, increases resistance to stress, and helps in the fight against depression.
4. Is a building material for bones and tooth enamel.
5. Regulates calcium metabolism, protects against osteoporosis.
6. Magnesium in the body speeds up the metabolism.
7. Under the action of absorption of magnesium ions and sulfates, the duodenal mucosa secretes the hormone necessary for further digestion processes - cholecystokinin. This hormone increases the secretion of bile and pancreas. Cholecystokinin also increases intestinal motility.
8. It has an antispastic effect on the stomach, improves peristalsis and the obturator function of the cardiac opening of the esophagus.
9. Neutralizes acidity, stimulates gastric peristalsis.
10. Affects intestinal peptides, increases bile excretion, enhances intestinal peristalsis (laxative effect).
11. Magnesium in the body is necessary at all stages of the synthesis of a protein molecule, therefore, when intracellular magnesium is depleted, protein synthesis decreases.
12. Inhibits the release of histamine from mast cells (anti-allergic effect).
13. It has a diuretic (diuretic) effect due to increased blood supply to the kidneys.
14. Reduces the excretion of oxalates and uric acid (protects against stone formation and gout).
15. Magnesium in the body prevents the precipitation of calcium salts, preventing the process of stone formation.
16. It has an antitoxic and anti-inflammatory effect.
17. Normalizes the function of the parathyroid glands.
18. Regulates temperature, helps to adapt to cold.
19. Provides cardiovascular health and helps prevent heart attacks.
20. Magnesium in the body is very effective in lowering blood pressure. Hypertension is cured completely with regular intake of magnesium sulfate and plenty of clean water with a low calcium content.
21. Necessary for converting blood sugar into energy.
22. Stimulates the secretion of insulin and increases the sensitivity of receptors to it (restores carbohydrate metabolism, prevents the occurrence of diabetes of any type).
23. Magnesium in the body is indispensable for the elimination of cancer.

In the human body, calcium and magnesium must be in a certain ratio with each other. It is believed that this ratio should be no more than 1:0.6. So, with magnesium deficiency, calcium will be lost in the urine, and excess calcium, in turn, causes magnesium deficiency. Calcium needs magnesium to be absorbed by the body. In the process of absorption of calcium, the body uses up its reserves of magnesium. Magnesium, on the other hand, is independent of calcium and works on its own.

Magnesium maintains urine salts in a dissolved state, and prevents their precipitation, inhibits kidney stone formation, and even in small concentrations inhibits crystallization. Magnesium ions bind up to 40% of oxalic acid in the urine and prevent the precipitation of calcium compounds. With a lack of magnesium, calcium begins to give rise to disease.

The body stubbornly maintains the desired level of magnesium in the blood, and therefore a person may have a normal level of magnesium in the blood, but in reality the body may be severely deficient. The norm of magnesium in the blood plasma for adults is 0.70 - 1.00 mmol / l. If the magnesium content in the blood decreases, then, in order to save itself, the body begins to redistribute: it takes magnesium from the places where it is (from bones, nerves, endocrine glands) and supplies it to the blood in order to maintain the required level.

Today there is no consensus regarding the daily need of the body for magnesium. Some biochemists and nutritionists believe that 280-400 mg is enough for adults, others call the norm 500 mg. Below are the norms that most nutritionists recommend.
Children under 6 months - 30 mg.
Children from 6 months to 1 year - 75 mg.
Children from 1 year to 3 years - 80 mg.
Children from 4 to 8 years old - 130 mg.
Children 9 to 13 years old - 240 mg.
Adolescent girls from 14 to 18 years old - 360 mg.
Adolescent boys from 14 to 18 years old - 410 mg.
Men from 19 to 30 years old - 400 mg.
Men over 30 - 420 mg.
Women from 19 to 30 years old - 310 mg.
Women over 30 - 320 mg.
Pregnant women under 18 - 400 mg.
Pregnant women from 19 to 30 years old - 350 mg.
Pregnant women over 30 years old - 360 mg.
Breastfeeding up to 18 years - 360 mg.
Breastfeeding from 19 to 30 years old - 310 mg.
Breastfeeding over 30 years old - 320 mg.

The need for magnesium increases in the following cases:
1. When using caffeine (tea, coffee, chocolate, Pepsi-Cola).
2. When eating sugar: magnesium affects insulin metabolism, and sugar increases the loss of magnesium in the urine.
3. A large amount of fat in the diet reduces the absorption of magnesium, since fatty acids and magnesium form salts that are not absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract.
4. High-protein diet, especially in children, athletes, during pregnancy and lactation.
5. Under stress.
6. Colitis, constipation, cirrhosis of the liver, pancreatitis, indomitable vomiting, diarrhea.
7. After operations.
8. With an increase in cholesterol in the blood.
9. With great physical exertion.
10. Thyrotoxicosis, hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands, renal acidosis, epilepsy.
11. After diseases with high temperature.
12. When using contraceptives and estrogens.
13. Chronic alcoholism. Alcohol, more than any other food substance known to us, reduces the magnesium content in the blood.

It should be borne in mind that in different sources the content of minerals and vitamins in the same product may be different. This is explained by the fact that the same product, for example, Swiss cheese, can be made in different countries, respectively, from different milk, by different companies with different equipment and different qualifications of personnel, etc.

PRODUCTS	magnesium in mg per 100 g edible parts product
Pumpkin seeds	534
wheat bran	448
Cocoa 20%	442
Tea	440
roasted sesame seeds	356
Hazelnuts	310
Raw cashew	292
roasted almonds	286
Soybeans, defatted flour	286
Peeled pine nuts	251
Soybeans, fat flour	244
Soy beans dry	240
Wheat germ, raw	239
Raw buckwheat	231
Watermelon	224
Cornflakes	214
Coffee beans	200
roasted peanuts	188
Hazelnut	172
Popcorn	131
oatmeal	130
Roasted sunflower seeds	129
Peas peeled	128
Dried rosehip	120
walnut	100
Dried dates	84
spinach fresh	79
Milk chocolate	63
Salted mackerel	60
Dutch cheese	55
Buckwheat boiled	51
Pearl barley	47
Red boiled beans	45
Millet boiled	44
Dried apricots	47
Dried prunes	45
Barley groats	40
Shrimp boiled	40
Rye bread	40
Boiled squids	38
Lentils boiled	36
Lobsters boiled	35
Russian cheese	35
Canned sardines	34
Fresh green peas	33
Seedless raisins	32
Cod	30
Halibut boiled	29
Avocado fresh	29
cheddar cheese	28
Processed cheese	27
Banana	27
parsley root	27
Fish caviar	26
Chicken breast meat	26
Mutton	25
Garlic	25
baked potatoes	25
shortbread cookies	25
white wheat bread	23
Brynza	23
Beet	23
radish	22
Beef	22
Cherry juice	21
green onion	20
chickens	20
Onion	20
parsley greens	20
Semolina	18
Macaroni boiled	18
Garden strawberry	18
Turnip	17
Cabbage	16
Kiwi	16
white mushrooms	15
Orange	14
carrot juice	14
Rice white boiled	13
Grapefruit	13
cucumbers	13
Melon	13
A pineapple	12
Carrot	12
Pear	12
Fried eggplant	11
Sweet red pepper	11
Milk 3.2%	10
Radish	10
Sour cream	10
boiled pumpkin	9
Apples	9
Tomato juice	9
Tomatoes	8
Fat cottage cheese	8
Pickled herring	8
Lemon	8
Grape juice	6
Grape	5
Light beer	5
Butter	2
Bee honey	2
Tap water	1
Sugar sand
Sunflower oil

Magnesium in food promotes bone growth, regulates heart rate and blood sugar.
Magnesium in food helps to reduce high blood pressure, improves respiratory function in chronic bronchitis, asthma, emphysema, and is a prophylactic against migraine.
Magnesium in food contributes to the treatment of muscle and joint pain and chronic fatigue syndrome, contributes to the treatment of osteoporosis, and improves the condition of premenstrual syndrome.
Magnesium in food helps with cancer, especially to reduce the symptoms of complications of radiation and chemotherapy, as they deplete magnesium reserves in the body, help strengthen tooth enamel, and help treat urolithiasis.

People who drink hard water (that is, it contains 2 times more calcium than magnesium) tend to have lower blood pressure, lower blood cholesterol, and a calmer heart rate than those who drink soft water. At the same time, the pressure does not increase with age, which usually happens to residents of cities that receive soft tap water. "Soft water means strokes and heart attacks." It has been established that where there is magnesium in the soil, water, plants, there is no cancer.

One of the most biologically appropriate sources of magnesium for transcutaneous (percutaneous) absorption is the mineral bischofite, which is widely used for medical rehabilitation, physiotherapy and spa treatment. The advantage of transcutaneous use is the high bioavailability of magnesium ions, which saturates local problem areas bypassing the excretory system.

At industrial processing food products there is a large loss of minerals and vitamins. So, for example, when cleaning and grinding grain for white flour, 78% of magnesium is lost, peeled buckwheat grain loses 79%, shell barley - 70%. When processing green beans into canned food, 56% of magnesium is lost, peas - 43%. Corn in canned food loses 60% of its magnesium content, corn flour - 56%, and refined white sugar contains 200 times less magnesium than molasses. When peeling potatoes, we deprive ourselves of 35% of magnesium. Magnesium remains in bran, molasses, peel.

Any heat treatment, including pasteurization, entails the loss of both vitamins and trace elements, including magnesium. Therefore, nutritionists and naturopaths urge us to eat everything that can be raw, and if we cook, then as quickly as possible. And boiled foods should be consumed 3 times less than raw ones.

Magnesium enters the body with food and water. The absorption of magnesium from food is carried out throughout the entire intestine, but most of it is absorbed in the duodenum. It is known that only up to 35% of magnesium is absorbed from food. Magnesium absorption may increase in the presence of vitamin B6 and some organic acids (lactic, orotic and aspartic). But only its organic compounds are well absorbed, for example, organic magnesium compounds in the composition of complexes with amino acids, organic acids (magnesium lactate, magnesium citrate), etc. Inorganic salts (magnesium sulfate) are absorbed very poorly.

The usual human diet, as a rule, provides a daily intake of magnesium from food in an amount of at least 300-400 mg. Therefore, with the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, its deficiency in the body is a very rare phenomenon. A deficiency of this substance can develop with a monotonous diet, a lack of green vegetables and fruits, with alcoholism, as well as in people suffering from diseases of the liver, kidneys or intestines.

Magnesium deficiency causes a weakening and even cessation of the function of the body's immune system, favors the occurrence of leukemia, and also reduces the ability of cells to resist blood cancer. However, it is important not only to consume foods containing magnesium, but also the body's ability to absorb and involve it in cellular metabolism. And this ability depends on the normal functioning of the endocrine glands: the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, pituitary gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads.

With a lack of magnesium, a number of pathologies develop in a person. The following main signs of its deficiency can be distinguished:
1. Violation of the cardiovascular system, arrhythmia, increased heart rate.
2. Insomnia, morning fatigue.
3. Frequent headaches, dizziness, loss of balance, the appearance of flickering points before the eyes.
4. Depressive state, accompanied by a decrease in concentration and memory, fatigue.
5. The elasticity of erythrocytes decreases, which makes it difficult for them to pass through the capillaries, disrupts microcirculation and shortens the "life" of erythrocytes. The result is anemia.
6. Muscle spasms and cramps.
7. Irritability, increased sensitivity to noise, discontent.
8. Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, change from constipation to diarrhea.
9. Increasing the level of cholesterol in the blood.
10. Hair loss, brittle nails, dental caries.
11. Sensitivity to changes in the weather, to cold and humidity, often causing various pains in the teeth, gums, joints.
12. Decreased body temperature, cold hands and feet, stiffness of the limbs, tingling in the legs, spasms.
13. The aging process accelerates.
14. Magnesium deficiency in the body leads to a loss of calcium and potassium and can contribute to diabetic cataracts (clouding of the tissues of the eye).
15. With a lack of magnesium, tin penetrates into the brain tissue, thus exposing a person to constant poisoning.

During an attack of bronchial asthma, there is a deficiency of magnesium in the blood. Reduced magnesium levels are common in diabetic patients, which leads to the destruction of the body. An increase in magnesium normalizes blood sugar.

Acute magnesium deficiency is quite rare, but a slight decrease in the magnesium content in the body is widespread. Most often, pregnant women are at risk, women in postpartum period and the elderly.

There are factors that accelerate the depletion of magnesium in the body, making it necessary to replenish it. These include: stress, coffee, sugar, carbonated drinks, alcohol, smoking, any medications, profuse sweating, underactive thyroid, diabetes, chronic pain, diuretics and foods high in carbohydrates, calcium salts.

Magnesium deficiency in the body contributes to the widespread use of various "diets" for weight loss. Excessive consumption of animal protein - the fashion for all sorts of protein diets - shifts the pH to the acid side and increases the level of uric acid and its salts - urates in the blood. The lack of magnesium entails a deficiency of zinc, copper, calcium, potassium, silicon and their further replacement with toxic heavy metals: lead, cadmium, aluminum.

The most severe diseases with a lack of magnesium in the body are diseases of the brain, cardiovascular system and leukemia.

With a deficiency of magnesium in food, the body takes it from the bones, teeth and endocrine glands and thus prevents the initial decrease in the concentration of magnesium in the blood plasma. With a decrease in the level of magnesium in the blood serum less than 0.7 mmol / l, a state of hypomagnesemia occurs, which leads to a violation of the electrolyte metabolism of the myocardium.

Magnesium deficiency in the body leads to a decrease in blood flow in organs and tissues, an increase in peripheral vascular resistance with a decrease in microcirculation.

Since magnesium is necessary for the absorption of calcium, with prolonged magnesium deficiency in the body, there is an increased deposition of calcium salts in the walls of arterial vessels, the heart muscle and kidneys, cramps of the skeletal muscles, most often the calf and plantar muscles, sometimes very painful spastic contractions of the intestines, bronchi, esophagus, increased uterine contractility.

Magnesium deficiency in the body is one of the causes of the so-called delirium tremens - a state with pronounced delirium and hallucinations.

The content of magnesium in the body in excess of the norm is extremely rare, since the kidneys immediately remove its excess. Therefore, the danger of magnesium poisoning, even with its increased intake with food, is unlikely. Such poisoning occurs mainly with excessive intravenous administration of magnesium-containing drugs or in violation of the kidneys. The consequence of an excess of magnesium in the body is:
1. Slow heart rate, hypotension.
2. Drowsiness, impaired coordination, speech.
3. Lethargy, muscle weakness.
4. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain.
5. Violation of the kidneys.
6. Thirst, dry mucous membranes (especially the oral cavity).

With long-term therapy with drugs containing magnesium, the content of beta-lipoproteins in the blood decreases and the content of alpha-lipoproteins increases, the lecithin / cholesterol ratio increases, the absorption of stearic acid is inhibited, without affecting the absorption of oleic acid.

In medical practice, a number of drugs containing magnesium have found application and continue to be introduced. The latter differ in the content of magnesium, its combinations with various biologically active substances and the mechanisms of their complex effects. These include:
Magnerot- magnesium salt of orotic. One tablet contains 500 mg magnesium orotate (32.8 mg magnesium). Orotic acid stimulates ATP synthesis. Since 90% of intracellular magnesium is associated with ATP, a relative increase in intracellular ATP depot through orotic acid improves magnesium fixation in cells.
Magne B6. Available in tablets or oral solution. One tablet contains 48 mg of magnesium and 5 mg of pyridoxine. One ampoule of solution (10 ml) contains a total of 100 mg magnesium and 10 mg pyridoxine. Children weighing over 10 kg (after a year) - 5-10 mg per kg of body weight (magnesium) per day, in 2-3 doses. Children over 12 years old - 3 tablets per day, in 3 divided doses.
Asparkam (Panangin)- one tablet contains 36.2 mg of potassium ion and 11.8 mg of magnesium ion.
Magnesium citrate (Natural-Calm) is an aqueous solution of magnesium carbonate and citric acid. In the body, magnesium citrate normalizes the acid-base balance in conditions of acidosis under various pathological conditions and, above all, hypoxia. The foregoing justifies its use in cardiovascular pathology in children. In addition, citrates are ideal conductors into cells of various biologically active substances They are also capable of neutralizing toxins. Due to the mutual influence of magnesium and citrate, their clinical effects in the body are enhanced. One teaspoon of the drug solution contains 205 mg of elemental magnesium. Children under 10 years old - 1/4 teaspoon 1-2 times a day. Children over 10 years up to 1/2 - 1 teaspoon (in the absence of diarrhea). Natural Calm can be safely taken on its own and does not produce any side effects.
Cardiomagnyl- compounds of acetylsalicylic acid and magnesium hydroxide, where the latter plays a protective role, being a non-absorbable fast-acting antacid (in a tablet - acetylsalicylic acid - 75 mg, magnesium hydroxide - 15.2 mg). Magnesium hydroxide has a cytoprotective effect and prevents possible damage to the gastric mucosa by acetylsalicylic acid.
Magnesium and calcium preparation "Alga Shell", which combines magnesium and natural calcium in its composition, not only improves the activity of the central nervous system, relieves anxiety, increased irritability, improves sleep, but is also the prevention of osteoporosis. In addition, the nutritional basis of the complex is made up of brown seaweed - the richest sources of organic iodine, which is necessary for the normal functioning of the thyroid gland, and other biologically active substances necessary for the body to fully function (including unique ones - alginates, fucoidan, attracts, etc. ).
Magnesium plus- vitamin-like metabolic drug based on magnesium. It is used for magnesium deficiency in the body, sleep disturbance, irritability, anxiety, asthenic syndrome. 1 tablet Magnesium plus contains: magnesium carbonate 100 mg, magnesium lactate 200 mg, pyridoxine (vitamin B6) 2 mg, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) 1 mcg, folic acid 200 mcg.
The drug Magnesium complex contains magnesium in the form of magnesium citrate. Magnesium quickly and effectively normalizes the heart rate and eliminates any abnormalities. Taking it daily will help prevent these side effects.
Magnesium sulfate (Magnesium sulfate) laxative. When taken orally, it has a choleretic effect (a reflex effect on the mucosal receptors of the duodenum) and a laxative effect (due to poor absorption of the drug in the intestine, a high osmotic pressure is created in it, water accumulates in the intestine, the intestinal contents liquefies, peristalsis increases). It is an antidote for poisoning with salts of heavy metals. The onset of the effect is after 0.5-3 hours, the duration is 4-6 hours.

Before taking magnesium supplements, you should consult your doctor.

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It is rather difficult to provoke an overdose of magnesium in oneself, because the excess of this element is successfully excreted by the kidneys. However, if this happens, an excess of magnesium in the body feels much worse than its lack, and in some situations leads to sad consequences.

The most common causes of hypermagnesemia are:

• Chronic or acute kidney dysfunction. If these organs do not work properly, they are not able to remove unnecessary magnesium. In addition to this element, many other unprofitable compounds accumulate in the body, and together this gives a serious deterioration in well-being.
• Hard drinking water. Such properties of the latter are explained by the increased concentration of various salts, including calcium and magnesium, which do not allow the heart muscle to work normally, causing chronic arrhythmia.
• Overdose of drugs. Sometimes patients themselves exceed the prescribed doses of Mg, and sometimes magnesium preparations are taken for too long and without any medical indications at all. In some cases, when eclampsia is treated in pregnant women, there is an overdose of magnesium sulfate. The elderly, taking antacids and laxatives, can also provoke hypermagnesemia.

Other possible causes of excess magnesium in the body are serious medical conditions. If a person has problems with the adrenal glands and / or the thyroid gland, this can cause a delay in Mg in the body. Regular use of psychotropic drugs for the treatment of various psychological disorders leads to the same effect.

In oncological diseases, an excess of Mg may appear due to the fact that cancer leads to changes in body functions, disrupting magnesium metabolism. This rule also works in the opposite direction - when a person suddenly has an excess of magnesium in the blood (while he did not take any special drugs), it is likely that he develops an oncological disease.

Magnesium overdose can occur in children who drink mineral water and eat modified milk. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to the Mg content in what you give your child. In addition, the kidneys of babies, especially infants, do not work well enough to successfully remove excess magnesium, and it accumulates in their body.

This item will be of more interest to those who know how to read analyzes. Therefore, if you are not used to understanding what is written on your medical card, go to the next paragraph.

An overdose of magnesium is stated when this drug in the blood plasma is more than 1.1 mol / liter. When the concentration exceeds 1.5 mol / liter, the following symptoms appear:

• apathy,
• drowsiness,
• dry hair,
• peeling, redness of the skin,
• the skin feels hot, but there is no heat,
• dry mouth
• nausea, vomiting,
• indigestion, dehydration,
• decrease in heart rate.

An excess of Mg, reaching 2.5 mol / liter causes:

• exacerbation of the above symptoms,
• serious changes in the work of the heart.

When an overdose reaches 5 mol/liter, the following occurs:

• increased signs of excess Mg,
• the work of the heart worsens even more,
• there is muscle activity,
• tendon reflexes change.

If the concentration of magnesium exceeds 5 mol/liter occurs:

• breathing disorder,
• oxygen deprivation,
• heart failure.

With an overdose of Mg up to 7.5 Mol / liter and above, the likelihood of cardiac arrest is high.

Chronic overdose of magnesium is more difficult to identify, since its symptoms at the initial stage are mild and easy to confuse with symptoms of other diseases. With the utmost accuracy, it is easier to ascertain from a blood test.

Therefore, here we will talk about an acute overdose of Mg, resulting from improper intake of magnesium-containing drugs or due to the fact that the body is not able to remove it due to illness or other weaknesses. She observes:

• disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea,
• nausea, vomiting,
• chest tightness, respiratory depression,
• a strong decrease in blood pressure,
• oppression or even absence of some natural reflexes, for example, patella,
• partial loss of muscle control,
• arrhythmia, feeling that the heart is pounding.

Why is this happening? This is due to how magnesium affects the human body. Because Mg is a potent depressant, it can overexert the nervous system in overdose. The latter, to one degree or another, ceases to control the muscles. On the basis of this, arrhythmia occurs, reflexes disappear and breathing is disturbed. Let's look at how an overdose of magnesium disrupts the functioning of individual body systems.

Too much magnesium leads to changes in the peripheral nerves and the central nervous system. This occurs due to an imbalance of electrolytes, a decrease in the concentration of Mg and K ions in the cell and its increase in the intercellular space. As a result, inhibition of reflexes, respiratory depression and even loss of consciousness occur. When the concentration of Mg in the blood increases to 3 Mol/liter, deep anesthesia occurs. Outwardly, it looks like a dream, but it is dangerous for the development of paralysis, lethargy and coma.

When there are too many Mg ions in the interstitial fluid, they do not allow the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to be produced in a normal amount. Thus, the transmission of impulse from the nerves to the muscles is disrupted. The consequences are a decrease in the tone of smooth, skeletal muscles, up to the absence of their contraction, paralysis. The first sign that smooth muscles have lost their tone is diarrhea, indicating excessive relaxation of the intestines. Followed by:

• muscle weakness,
• decreased reflexes,
• violation of cardiac activity.

Magnesium relaxes the heart muscle, impairing its contractility. The result is:

• expansion of blood vessels,
• bradycardia (decreased heart rate)
• impulse conduction between the ventricle and the atrium is impaired,
• lowering blood pressure,
• heart failure.

Most often, such symptoms in a vivid form are observed in old age. In a relatively healthy adult, a disturbance in the conduction of an impulse between the ventricle and the atrium develops very rarely.

• Stop the absorption of Mg into the blood. To do this, if the drug was taken orally, it is necessary to wash the stomach with plenty of water.
• Be sure to call an ambulance.
• A calcium-containing drug must be administered intravenously, since Ca is able to neutralize Mg due to its opposite action.

The hospital will continuously monitor the content of magnesium ions in urine and blood. Also, doctors will find out the reason why the body could not independently remove the excess of this element. When renal failure is detected, the patient undergoes hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. If after that the level of Mg in the blood is still elevated, additional tests are carried out to detect cancer or dysfunction of the adrenal glands, thyroid gland.

These tips are good for those who have identified an excess of Mg at the initial stage of a blood test, when this element has not yet done serious harm in the body.

• Check with your doctor to avoid making your hypermagnesemia a magnesium deficiency.
• Use prescribed diuretics and drink plenty of clean water at the same time.
• You can’t take diuretics on your own, because, in addition to magnesium, they flush out other useful elements, such as potassium, from the body.

Yes, it happens, however, according to medical scientists, this is observed quite rarely and is almost impossible. Because:

• You can’t cause an allergy to magnesium with food products, because you need to eat the same halvah, greens, bran many kilograms at a time.
• In any more or less normally functioning organism, excess magnesium, like any other element, is excreted by the kidneys.

The only thing that can provoke an allergic reaction is the use of magnesium-containing drugs. And here it is not necessary to accuse the victim of amateur performance. Just in tablets and injections, the concentration of Mg is very high, so the body of some may misperceive such a powerful "infusion", causing an allergic reaction.

Sometimes a person is fond of bioadditives and takes Mg at the same time, which may not be compatible with them. But here we return to the beginning of the article, which talked about an overdose due to the uncontrolled use of the drug. An allergic reaction also occurs when you take long breaks from taking magnesium, and then use it in too high dosages.

Well, the last option is obvious allergies. Everything is clear here: if your body rejects cocoa, nuts, sesame seeds, chocolate, you cannot take Mg without serious tests and a doctor's recommendation.

The symptoms of a magnesium allergy are similar to those of a common food allergy:

• indigestion, vomiting,
• skin rash, itching,
• pain in the abdomen, stomach,
• feeling of body aches, fatigue, malaise,
• lowering blood pressure,
• temperature rise.

To find out if you are really allergic to Mg, go to the hospital. Since this reaction occurs after some time, and not immediately (the concentration of magnesium in the blood must reach a certain level), it is difficult to determine what your body is so hostile to. Or maybe it's something else?

In the hospital, you will pass tests, and the doctor will accurately determine the cause of the deterioration in well-being. Next, antihistamines will be prescribed, which must be treated in strictly prescribed doses by the doctor and not exceeding the time of admission. Otherwise, the uncontrolled use of antihistamines can cause drowsiness, inhibition of reactions, and even addiction.

Magnesium in the right doses is very useful for the body, this element takes part in many vital processes. It becomes an enemy to health in case of an overdose, as, indeed, any other substance. Therefore, it is better not to self-medicate by “prescribing” magnesium-containing drugs for yourself.

If you have kidney failure, cancer, thyroid dysfunction, adrenal glands or even drinking too hard water - all this can cause an increase in the concentration of Mg in the blood. Being in this risk group, donate blood for tests at least once a year. If you take care of yourself in this way, chances are you won't experience the effects of a magnesium overdose.

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Most people have no idea how important magnesium is to human health. Magnesium is involved in over 300 metabolic processes in the body and is considered one of the most essential of all minerals. But do you know how to detect magnesium deficiency in the body and what are its symptoms?

For starters, this mineral is used by every organ in the body, especially the heart, muscles, and kidneys. So if you're suffering from unexplained fatigue or weakness, irregular heartbeats, or even muscle spasms and eye twitches, low magnesium levels may be the culprit. Magnesium is found in over 300 different enzymes in the body. In this regard, it participates in the detoxification processes of the body and plays an important role in preventing damage due to environmental chemicals, heavy metals and other toxins. Magnesium is also needed:

• For the proper transport of calcium, silica, vitamin D, vitamin K and of course magnesium;
• To activate muscles and nerves;
• To generate energy in the body;
• For detoxification;
• To assist the body in the absorption of proteins, carbohydrates and fats;
• As a building material for the synthesis of RNA and DNA;
• As a precursor for neurotransmitters such as serotonin.

Modern farming methods that involve the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and insecticides deplete the mineral reserves in the fertile soil layer. As a result, magnesium is now virtually non-existent in most arable land.

According to some estimates, about 80% of people do not get enough magnesium and may suffer from a deficiency. Studies show that only 25% of adults are getting the recommended amount of magnesium (310-320 milligrams per day for women and 400-420 milligrams per day for men). Even more disturbing is the fact that this amount of magnesium is only enough to prevent deficiency of this mineral.

Bananas are a great source of magnesium…

Organic foods can contain significant amounts of magnesium when grown in nutrient-rich soil, but it is very difficult to determine whether this condition is met or not. If you prefer to use supplements, you should be aware that there are many varieties of magnesium supplements on the market, but there is no such product as a 100% magnesium supplement, since magnesium must be associated with another substance. The substance used can affect the absorption and bioavailability of magnesium, and also allows for a more targeted effect on the body.

Magnesium threonate and magnesium citrate are some of the best sources of magnesium due to the fact that they seem to be able to penetrate cell membranes and thus increase energy levels.

Apart from taking supplements, another way to increase magnesium levels in the body is to take regular baths or foot baths with Epsom salts. Epsom salt is magnesium sulfate, which can be absorbed through the skin. Magnesium oil (or magnesium chloride) can also be used for topical application or absorption. When using magnesium supplements, avoid those that contain magnesium stearate.

Magnesium stearate It is a common but potentially dangerous substance.

An overdose of magnesium is almost impossible. And yet, taking too much magnesium is not very good. a good idea. Excess magnesium can cause side effects such as arrhythmia or slow breathing. As with oral vitamin C in the form of ascorbic acid, there is a threshold of intestinal tolerance, the excess of which leads to diarrhea.

One way to determine if you're getting enough magnesium is to check your bowel function. As mentioned earlier, excessive magnesium intake leads to loose stools. This, however, can be a plus for people with constipation, which is one of the conditions that is a manifestation of magnesium deficiency.

Magnesium has anti-inflammatory properties. Thanks to this, it is able to protect against diseases such as arthritis and Alzheimer's disease. Magnesium is also used to fight problems such as high blood pressure, diabetes, breathing difficulties, and many others. To help determine if you have a magnesium deficiency, watching for some of the signs can help. However, it is preferable to pass certain tests. If you have recently had a blood test, you may think that the results of this test will reveal a magnesium deficiency.

Only 1 percent of magnesium in the body is found in the blood. Therefore, a simple blood serum test for magnesium levels is not particularly helpful in establishing the amount of this mineral in the body. So, due to the fact that magnesium acts at the cellular level and accumulates in organs and nerve tissues, a blood test is not very informative. For this reason, the characteristic signs of magnesium deficiency are listed below:

Anxiety and panic attacks Asthma Bowel disease Thrombus formation calcium deficiency Cystitis Confusion Constipation Difficulty swallowing Depression Dizziness Fatigue High blood pressure hypertension hypoglycemia Insomnia

Muscle spasms Nausea Nerve problems/tremor Osteoporosis Personality change PMS, infertility or preeclampsia Poor heart health bad memory potassium deficiency Breathing problems Raynaud's syndrome convulsions Tooth decay type 2 diabetes Liver or kidney disease Migraine

A good way to get more magnesium is to eat inexpensive foods that contain magnesium citrate (which is one of the most easily absorbed types of magnesium supplements). Topical application of transdermal magnesium chloride also helps. It involves the absorption of magnesium chloride through the skin. Magnesium chloride is also known as magnesium oil, although it's not really oil, but rather a saline solution from ancient seabed sites. This oil is available in various online stores. To find it, you just need to enter the query "magnesium oil" into the search engine.

However, in case you are opposed to any supplementation and prefer to get magnesium from food, here is a list of foods that can help alleviate magnesium deficiency symptoms:

Partly due to this element, our body is cleansed of toxins and toxins, and is capable of tissue regeneration. In conditions of an active rhythm of life and many stressful situations, magnesium is simply necessary for a person, as it reduces the release of adrenaline in the body, which makes it easier to experience stress.

Magnesium deficiency - symptoms and causes

The statistics are relentless, and it says that up to 80% of the adult population experiences a lack of magnesium to one degree or another. The most susceptible to magnesium deficiency are pregnant and lactating women, as well as people who abuse alcohol.

In medicine, there is a primary deficiency caused by congenital pathologies, and a secondary one, formed in the process of life.

• Fatigue and fatigue do not go away even after a good night's sleep.
• The character becomes nervous and irritable, you are able to scream or cry because of a mere trifle.
• Headaches and dizziness, often there is a deterioration in memory and concentration.
• The digestive system fails, nausea and diarrhea are possible.
• The pressure rises, interruptions in the work of the heart are felt.
• The skin becomes dry and less sensitive.
• During pregnancy, the onset of late toxicosis is possible.

The reasons for the lack of an element in the body are varied, they include both traditional factors that cause most problems, such as malnutrition or obesity, and specific ones.

• Oversaturation of the body with calcium. According to scientists, an excess of one of these two elements leads to a shortage of the other.
• Reception for a long time of antibiotics, hormonal drugs, oral contraceptives.
• Diseases of the digestive system. Problems with the gastrointestinal tract can make it difficult for the element to be absorbed. Various intestinal infections that cause vomiting and diarrhea have a particularly negative effect on magnesium levels.
• Frequent stress.
• Hypothermia.

The amount of magnesium in the body of a healthy person should be at the level of mg. It is important to know that more than half of the amount of magnesium is found in bones - 60-70%, slightly less (within 28-38%) - in soft tissues, and only 1-2% - in various liquids.

The daily dose of mineral intake depends on lifestyle, age, body condition and many other factors.

In addition, when monitoring the level of magnesium, you need to remember that every day the kidneys remove up to 30% of the element contained in the body.

How to make up for magnesium deficiency and what contributes to better absorption of the element?

Before replenishing magnesium deficiency, you need to start following the rules that prevent its active removal from the body:

• Exclude coffee and strong alcohol from the diet to the maximum;
• Eat less sweets and avoid carbonated drinks;
• Adjust the calcium content in the diet and body.

The "magnesium" menu must also contain cereals, buckwheat, oatmeal and millet are especially rich in them.

In sufficient quantities, the element is found in bran bread, as well as in legumes.

Foods and drinks that can help replenish magnesium deficiency:

* According to USDA - US Department of Agriculture.

On a note! Magnesium, like many other useful elements, is very moody. In the event of an oversaturation of the body with it, negative consequences can occur - with an excess of magnesium, the kidneys suffer, as they cannot cope with the excretion of the element, as a result of which chronic renal failure may develop. It is joined by dyslexia in children (impaired ability to master the skill of reading and writing), arthritis and psoriasis. But the main danger is that the symptoms of excess magnesium will be similar to the symptoms of its deficiency.

Today in pharmacies you can find a large number of preparations containing magnesium, but do not forget that their use (as well as any other medical preparations) should be agreed with the doctor, especially when it comes to the treatment of children, pregnant and lactating women.

The role of magnesium during pregnancy

Magnesium in the body of a pregnant woman acquires one of the paramount values, because it not only participates in the development of the fetus, but also prevents premature birth.

Performing a calming function, the element helps the expectant mother not to be nervous and remain calm in any situation. Interestingly, magnesium is involved in the process of transferring genetic information from a woman to a child. Its role in metabolism, regulation of insulin levels, as well as the prevention of leg cramps is undeniable.

Magnesium deficiency in children during growth

One of the key functions of magnesium that children need is anti-stress. Studying at school and difficult adolescence require a lot of energy, both physical and emotional. Due to magnesium deficiency, children become irritable and whiny, begin to study worse and quarrel with their parents. Magnesium helps the child to remain calm and balanced, to be sociable and socially oriented.

So that the child does not encounter a magnesium deficiency, it is necessary to ensure that the element enters the body in an amount of 0.05% of body weight. The average daily dose of an element per 1 kg of weight is 5-6 g.

If you find symptoms of a lack or excess of magnesium, be sure to contact the clinic for donation necessary analyzes and consultation with a doctor - self-medication with pronounced symptoms can be dangerous!

Magnesium

There are many vitamins and minerals that are vital for a person, but one of the main elements is magnesium, since its absence in the body, even for a short time, can lead to serious irreversible consequences.

Magnesium should be included in any vitamin and mineral complex, since it is involved in all metabolic processes. Chemically, magnesium is so active that in nature this element cannot be found in a free state - it is always looking for interactions. Magnesium, which is one of the main elements of the cell, was called by biochemists a structural element of a living organism, which is of great importance, and above all, for the functioning of the heart.

Magnesium is involved in the coordinated work of all body systems, especially the central and peripheral nervous systems. It stimulates enzymes that break down proteins and other nutrients. Magnesium is on the body's defense against infections, activating the production of antibodies. It regulates the digestive and genitourinary systems, affects the production of estrogen hormones and blood clotting.

Magnesium is needed even in the prenatal period; together with folic acid and vitamin B5, it prevents many congenital pathologies, saves from miscarriages, normalizes labor and breastfeeding. Magnesium regulates the rhythm of contraction of the heart muscle, lowers blood pressure, dilates blood vessels, prevents the occurrence of coronary disease and thrombosis. Interacting with zinc, selenium and chromium, magnesium stimulates beta cells to produce enzymes and pancreatic hormones, preventing the development of such serious diseases as pancreatitis and diabetes.

Magnesium ensures the normal functioning of the brain, respiratory organs, hormonal system, promotes the removal of heavy metals and toxins from the body. The symptoms of magnesium deficiency are also very extensive, since all the processes in which this mineral is involved are seriously disturbed when it is insufficient in the body. Magnesium deficiency causes loss of appetite, acute stomach pain, diarrhea, tingling in the muscles, irritability, weather sensitivity, chilliness, dizziness, fatigue, fear, depressed mental state, and osteoporosis may develop.

When there is not enough magnesium in the body, it begins to actively take it from the bone tissue, nerve cells, endocrine glands and send it to the blood, where it must be present. Magnesium deficiency exacerbates alcohol consumption. Under the action of diuretic drugs, magnesium is washed out of the body, and a large amount of protein can interfere with its absorption in the intestines. Even with a diet rich in magnesium-rich foods, an excess of magnesium in the body is almost impossible, since it is immediately excreted in the urine. However, in severe renal impairment and intravenous administration, an overdose of magnesium can provoke toxic reactions.

The source of magnesium are: cocoa, soy, bran, buckwheat honey, beans, nuts, whole grain bread, buckwheat and oatmeal. Magnesium is also found in fresh vegetables, but it is often lost during peeling, since most of the layer containing it is located just under the peel. In winter, dried fruits, in particular dried apricots, prunes, raisins and dates, can serve as a good source of magnesium intake.

The daily requirement for magnesium in an adult is mg, during pregnancy 750 mg. Those suffering from cardiovascular diseases, irritability, gallstone disease, depression, weakened immunity and osteoporosis need more magnesium.

Without good health and positive thinking, it is impossible to find happiness, to achieve harmony of soul and body. Fitness will help keep you healthy. Fitness is not easy physical exercises. This is a whole system, which includes proper nutrition, discipline, training, respect for one's health and harmony with the world around us. Fitness classes will allow you to forget about some diseases, insomnia and depression. Regular training will help keep the body in good shape, and meditation will help you find the harmony of the soul. A healthy lifestyle is something that should be taught from childhood.

Excess magnesium in the body: signs and elimination

Magnesium is the fourth most abundant in the human body after potassium, iron and calcium and is involved in many vital metabolic processes. It belongs to the main regulators of the central nervous system, participates in the processes of phosphorus and carbohydrate metabolism, is found in teeth and bones. It reduces neuromuscular excitability, has a vasodilating and antiseptic effect, enhances bile secretion and intestinal motility, and helps to remove harmful cholesterol from the body.

Magnesium affects protein synthesis, carbohydrate-phosphorus metabolism, participates as an activator or cofactor of many enzymes (hexokinase, enolase, alkaline phosphatase, carboxylase, etc.), and is in antagonistic relationship with calcium ions.

With the intake of drugs containing this trace element, you need to be more careful, despite its non-toxicity for the human body, its excess can cause no less unpleasant and severe symptoms in the body than its deficiency.

Causes of Excess Magnesium

Fearing the negative impact on the body of a lack of magnesium, you may encounter another, no less dangerous problem - an overdose. Magnesium is not a toxic trace element and the maximum allowable rate for humans has not been determined.

It is worth noting that its overabundance is a rather rare occurrence, but if this happens, the cause of the symptoms should be established.

An excess of magnesium in the body is sometimes much worse than hypovitaminosis. In most cases, the causes of its excess are associated with the adrenal glands and the thyroid gland. The use of psychotropic drugs (prescribed for the treatment of certain mental illnesses) also contributes to an excess of the trace element in the body.

An excess of magnesium often accompanies cancer. In the process of cancerous changes in the body, the metabolism of the trace element changes significantly, if an increased level of magnesium is detected during the study, it is likely that an oncological disease develops.

An increased amount of the trace element can be observed in children who drink mineral water in large quantities and eat modified milk. It is imperative to pay attention to the content of magnesium ions in the water that the child drinks. The kidneys in children do not work as efficiently as in adults, so the excess trace element is not completely excreted in the urine, but tends to accumulate.

An excess of magnesium in the body sometimes occurs due to excessive consumption of this element. When taking vitamin and mineral preparations, it is necessary to correctly calculate the dose and consult with a specialist.

Symptoms of excess magnesium

Symptoms caused by an excess of magnesium depend on the amount of this element in the body. If a person has a healthy excretory system, the kidneys remove excess trace elements, but if their work is disturbed, it accumulates in the body and adversely affects the state of the body. At too high a level, the most common health disorders are observed, which include:

• dizziness;
• increased fatigue;
• deterioration of kidney function;
• hypotension;
• hypocalcemia;
• disorders of the digestive system;
• breathing problems;
• impaired coordination and speech;
• weak heartbeat and arrhythmia;
• circulatory arrest;
• coma;
• in extremely rare cases, death.

Along with the above symptoms, dyslexia joins, a condition in which it is impossible to master reading skills. Significantly increases the activity of the parathyroid and thyroid glands. Significantly increases the risk of developing arthritis and psoriasis, muscle atrophy is manifested. A person has expressed apathy, blood pressure becomes low.

With an excess of magnesium, dry mucous membranes are observed, and a person feels unquenchable thirst. A large concentration of trace elements in the body can inhibit the absorption of calcium. In women, an excess of a microelement manifests itself characteristic symptoms: increased manifestations of PMS, menstrual irregularities, as well as dry skin.

If the level of the microelement in the body is not reduced, the consequences will only worsen and the symptoms will only progress.

If such symptoms appear while taking medications containing magnesium, you should immediately consult a doctor to adjust the dosage of the drug and undergo a medical examination.

First aid and treatment for magnesium overdose

The consequences of an overdose are serious and very dangerous, if an excess of magnesium in the body is established, the victim must be given first aid. To prevent serious consequences, you need to stop taking magnesium so that it stops being absorbed into the blood. If the drug was taken orally, it is necessary to wash the stomach with plenty of water. Intravenous administration of a calcium or gluconate preparation, substances that have a neutralizing effect on magnesium, is allowed.

Such actions are carried out under the supervision of a doctor who will monitor the condition of the victim, and then send him to the hospital. In a medical institution, a thorough control over the amount of substances in the body will be carried out, and treatment for an overdose of a microelement in the body will be prescribed. However, this does not mean that you should completely abandon the use of trace elements. It is a very significant and important element, without which the normal functioning of the human body is impossible.

Magnesium is an important chemical element, but its excess in the body is more dangerous than its deficiency. Before you start taking medications containing a trace element, you need to make sure that you have no contraindications to it.

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What harm does excess magnesium cause to the body?

It is rather difficult to provoke an overdose of magnesium in oneself, because the excess of this element is successfully excreted by the kidneys. However, if this happens, an excess of magnesium in the body feels much worse than its lack, and in some situations leads to sad consequences.

The most common causes of hypermagnesemia are:

• Chronic or acute kidney dysfunction. If these organs do not work properly, they are not able to remove unnecessary magnesium. In addition to this element, many other unprofitable compounds accumulate in the body, and together this gives a serious deterioration in well-being.
• Hard drinking water. Such properties of the latter are explained by the increased concentration of various salts, including calcium and magnesium, which do not allow the heart muscle to work normally, causing chronic arrhythmia.
• Overdose of drugs. Sometimes patients themselves exceed the prescribed doses of Mg, and sometimes magnesium preparations are taken for too long and without any medical indications at all. In some cases, when eclampsia is treated in pregnant women, there is an overdose of magnesium sulfate. The elderly, taking antacids and laxatives, can also provoke hypermagnesemia.

Other possible causes of excess magnesium in the body are serious medical conditions. If a person has problems with the adrenal glands and / or the thyroid gland, this can cause a delay in Mg in the body. Regular use of psychotropic drugs for the treatment of various psychological disorders leads to the same effect.

In oncological diseases, an excess of Mg may appear due to the fact that cancer leads to changes in body functions, disrupting magnesium metabolism. This rule also works in the opposite direction - when a person suddenly has an excess of magnesium in the blood (while he did not take any special drugs), it is likely that he develops an oncological disease.

Magnesium overdose can occur in children who drink mineral water and eat modified milk. Therefore, it is worth paying attention to the Mg content in what you give your child. In addition, the kidneys of babies, especially infants, do not work well enough to successfully remove excess magnesium, and it accumulates in their body.

Symptoms of hypermagnesemia, depending on the doses of Mg

This item will be of more interest to those who know how to read analyzes. Therefore, if you are not used to understanding what is written on your medical card, go to the next paragraph.

An overdose of magnesium is stated when this drug in the blood plasma is more than 1.1 mol / liter. When the concentration exceeds 1.5 mol / liter, the following symptoms appear:

• apathy,
• drowsiness,
• dry hair,
• peeling, redness of the skin,
• the skin feels hot, but there is no heat,
• dry mouth
• nausea, vomiting,
• indigestion, dehydration,
• decrease in heart rate.

An excess of Mg, reaching 2.5 mol / liter causes:

• exacerbation of the above symptoms,
• serious changes in the work of the heart.

When an overdose reaches 5 mol/liter, the following occurs:

• increased signs of excess Mg,
• the work of the heart worsens even more,
• there is muscle activity,
• tendon reflexes change.

If the concentration of magnesium exceeds 5 mol/liter occurs:

• breathing disorder,
• oxygen deprivation,
• heart failure.

With an overdose of Mg up to 7.5 Mol / liter and above, the likelihood of cardiac arrest is high.

Signs of magnesium poisoning

Chronic overdose of magnesium is more difficult to identify, since its symptoms at the initial stage are mild and easy to confuse with symptoms of other diseases. With the utmost accuracy, it is easier to ascertain from a blood test.

Therefore, here we will talk about an acute overdose of Mg, resulting from improper intake of magnesium-containing drugs or due to the fact that the body is not able to remove it due to illness or other weaknesses. She observes:

• disruption of the gastrointestinal tract, diarrhea,
• nausea, vomiting,
• chest tightness, respiratory depression,
• a strong decrease in blood pressure,
• oppression or even absence of some natural reflexes, for example, patella,
• partial loss of muscle control,
• arrhythmia, feeling that the heart is pounding.

Why is this happening? This is due to how magnesium affects the human body. Because Mg is a potent depressant, it can overexert the nervous system in overdose. The latter, to one degree or another, ceases to control the muscles. On the basis of this, arrhythmia occurs, reflexes disappear and breathing is disturbed. Let's look at how an overdose of magnesium disrupts the functioning of individual body systems.

Excess Mg and the nervous system

Too much magnesium leads to changes in the peripheral nerves and the central nervous system. This occurs due to an imbalance of electrolytes, a decrease in the concentration of Mg and K ions in the cell and its increase in the intercellular space. As a result, inhibition of reflexes, respiratory depression and even loss of consciousness occur. When the concentration of Mg in the blood increases to 3 Mol/liter, deep anesthesia occurs. Outwardly, it looks like a dream, but it is dangerous for the development of paralysis, lethargy and coma.

Excess Mg and muscle work

When there are too many Mg ions in the interstitial fluid, they do not allow the neurotransmitter acetylcholine to be produced in a normal amount. Thus, the transmission of impulse from the nerves to the muscles is disrupted. The consequences are a decrease in the tone of smooth, skeletal muscles, up to the absence of their contraction, paralysis. The first sign that smooth muscles have lost their tone is diarrhea, indicating excessive relaxation of the intestines. Followed by:

• muscle weakness,
• decreased reflexes,
• violation of cardiac activity.

Excess Mg and heart

Magnesium relaxes the heart muscle, impairing its contractility. The result is:

• expansion of blood vessels,
• bradycardia (decreased heart rate)
• impulse conduction between the ventricle and the atrium is impaired,
• lowering blood pressure,
• heart failure.

Most often, such symptoms in a vivid form are observed in old age. In a relatively healthy adult, a disturbance in the conduction of an impulse between the ventricle and the atrium develops very rarely.

First aid for acute magnesium poisoning

• Stop the absorption of Mg into the blood. To do this, if the drug was taken orally, it is necessary to wash the stomach with plenty of water.
• Be sure to call an ambulance.
• A calcium-containing drug must be administered intravenously, since Ca is able to neutralize Mg due to its opposite action.

The hospital will continuously monitor the content of magnesium ions in urine and blood. Also, doctors will find out the reason why the body could not independently remove the excess of this element. When renal failure is detected, the patient undergoes hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. If after that the level of Mg in the blood is still elevated, additional tests are carried out to detect cancer or dysfunction of the adrenal glands, thyroid gland.

How to normalize the level of Mg in the body

These tips are good for those who have identified an excess of Mg at the initial stage of a blood test, when this element has not yet done serious harm in the body.

• Check with your doctor to avoid making your hypermagnesemia a magnesium deficiency.
• Use prescribed diuretics and drink plenty of clean water at the same time.
• You can’t take diuretics on your own, because, in addition to magnesium, they flush out other useful elements, such as potassium, from the body.

Is there an allergy to magnesium

Yes, it happens, however, according to medical scientists, this is observed quite rarely and is almost impossible. Because:

• You can’t cause an allergy to magnesium with food products, because you need to eat the same halvah, greens, bran many kilograms at a time.
• In any more or less normally functioning organism, excess magnesium, like any other element, is excreted by the kidneys.

The only thing that can provoke an allergic reaction is the use of magnesium-containing drugs. And here it is not necessary to accuse the victim of amateur performance. Just in tablets and injections, the concentration of Mg is very high, so the body of some may misperceive such a powerful "infusion", causing an allergic reaction.

Sometimes a person is fond of bioadditives and takes Mg at the same time, which may not be compatible with them. But here we return to the beginning of the article, which talked about an overdose due to the uncontrolled use of the drug. An allergic reaction also occurs when you take long breaks from taking magnesium, and then use it in too high dosages.

Well, the last option is obvious allergies. Everything is clear here: if your body rejects cocoa, nuts, sesame seeds, chocolate, you cannot take Mg without serious tests and a doctor's recommendation.

Magnesium allergy symptoms and treatment

The symptoms of a magnesium allergy are similar to those of a common food allergy:

• indigestion, vomiting,
• skin rash, itching,
• pain in the abdomen, stomach,
• feeling of body aches, fatigue, malaise,
• lowering blood pressure,
• temperature rise.

To find out if you are really allergic to Mg, go to the hospital. Since this reaction occurs after some time, and not immediately (the concentration of magnesium in the blood must reach a certain level), it is difficult to determine what your body is so hostile to. Or maybe it's something else?

In the hospital, you will pass tests, and the doctor will accurately determine the cause of the deterioration in well-being. Next, antihistamines will be prescribed, which must be treated in strictly prescribed doses by the doctor and not exceeding the time of admission. Otherwise, the uncontrolled use of antihistamines can cause drowsiness, inhibition of reactions, and even addiction.

Magnesium in the right doses is very useful for the body, this element takes part in many vital processes. It becomes an enemy to health in case of an overdose, as, indeed, any other substance. Therefore, it is better not to self-medicate by “prescribing” magnesium-containing drugs for yourself.

If you have kidney failure, cancer, thyroid dysfunction, adrenal glands or even drinking too hard water - all this can cause an increase in the concentration of Mg in the blood. Being in this risk group, donate blood for tests at least once a year. If you take care of yourself in this way, chances are you won't experience the effects of a magnesium overdose.

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Magnesium in the human body

Magnifique means magnificent. From this French word, the element of the periodic table, magnesium, was named.

In the open air, this substance burns very effectively, with a magnificent bright flame. Hence the magnesium. However, magnesium is magnificent not only because it burns beautifully.

Magnesium is an important trace element for all human organs, which is why it is called the "metal of life". It was discovered by Devi in ​​1808, and 20 years later the French chemist Bussy was able to obtain magnesium chloride.

The human body contains approximately 70 g of magnesium (magnesium), about 60% is in the bones, the remaining amount in the liquid medium, soft tissues and muscles, a high concentration of magnesium in the cells of the brain and heart.

Metabolism: Magnesium is an element that is involved in most key physiological processes. It is extremely important for the normal functioning of cells, muscles and especially nervous tissue. The human body is not able to synthesize magnesium on its own and therefore receives it only through food. Magnesium is necessary for all body systems, without exception, it “starts the work” of many enzymes involved in energy, protein, carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Only directly depends on it 300 biochemical enzymatic processes, and indirectly - several orders of magnitude more, including with the participation of a molecule that preserves energy - adenosine triphosphate, ADP. Most active in those related to energy recovery.

For example, magnesium plays an important role in the prevention of diabetes.

Magnesium is also needed for the production of protein, DNA, for the breakdown of glucose, the removal of toxins from the body, for the absorption of vitamin C, thiamine (B1) and pyridoxine (B6). Magnesium contributes to the stability of the cell structure in the process of growth, takes part in the process of regeneration of body cells.

Interaction with calcium: magnesium, interacting with calcium, is involved in various processes - in regulating the tone of blood vessels, in muscle contraction. Calcium is needed to contract the smooth muscles of the blood vessels, while magnesium is needed to relax the muscles and dilate the arteries.

Magnesium can affect calcium levels by affecting the hormones that control calcium absorption and metabolism, and at the cellular level by affecting the distribution of calcium in the body. The optimal dietary intake suggests a calcium to magnesium ratio of 2:1.

Movement of ions: magnesium helps to maintain the electrical potential of the membranes, the penetration of calcium, sodium, and potassium ions through them. He also takes part in the transmission of nerve impulses.

Action of insulin: actively interacting with insulin, it is able to increase its secretion and improve penetration into cells.

Magnesium deficiency can cause a slowdown in metabolic processes and, as a result, affect the water-salt metabolism in the body. Also, its deficiency can negatively affect the synthesis of collagen, which is responsible for the density and strength of connective tissue. Poor condition of the skin, hair and nails can also be one of the first signs of a magnesium deficiency.

The fact is that physiologically all extreme exposures lead to an increase in the release of adrenal hormones, an increase in adrenaline in the blood. This removes magnesium from the cells through the kidneys. Therefore, almost all stresses can be treated with magnesium.

Reproductive function and magnesium

Magnesium performs the following functions:

• provides normal uterine tone;
• provides balance in the blood coagulation system;
• strengthens connective tissue;
• participates in the control of blood pressure;
• supports normal placental function.

• has a beneficial effect on bone growth, prevents their fragility and fragility;
• coordinates the heart rhythm, reduces high blood pressure;
• nervous system: reduces irritability, fatigue, has an anti-stress effect, eliminates insomnia, spasms, relaxes muscles .;

In addition, independent research by Russian scientists - professors of the International Institute of Trace Elements "UNESCO" A.A. Spasova, Ya.I. Marshak - showed that the restoration of a normal level of magnesium reduces cravings for alcohol, drugs and smoking, and "heavy artillery" therapy - special magnesium-containing drugs - is especially effective in treating addiction.

For all its importance, magnesium is also the most vulnerable trace element in our body. Its balance is very easy to upset.

The daily requirement of an adult for magnesium is mg, children - 200 mg.

Pregnant women (450 mg), athletes and people who expose themselves to high physical activity(600 mg).

Since this trace element is not produced independently in the body, this entire dose must be supplied with food. But, unfortunately, over the past 100 years, we began to receive much less magnesium. Most often this happens due to malnutrition. In the modern diet, there are very few foods with a maximum content of magnesium - unrefined cereals, as well as fresh fruits and vegetables. The situation is aggravated by the fast food system, which is based on the use of refined foods, excess sugar and salt, as well as products that remove magnesium from the body - for example, phosphoric acid found in Coca-Cola and other soft drinks, various preservatives and other "E ".

What are the causes of magnesium deficiency?

Magnesium deficiency is one of the most common types of mineral deficiencies in many countries.

Magnesium deficiency may be due to the following factors:

• Metabolic disorders of this macroelement;
• Deterioration of the assimilation process under the influence of excessive levels of lipids, calcium, phosphates.
• Malabsorption of a macronutrient in the intestine as a result of the following conditions:

Acute or chronic disease of the small intestine;

Reduction of the suction surface of the intestine during radiotherapy, surgical intervention (resection);

Chronic or prolonged diarrhea, steatorrhea, when magnesium binds to non-absorbable fatty acids and is excreted in the stool;

Dysbacteriosis in the colon;

Impaired insulin production.

• Insufficient dietary intake: poor nutrition, low-calorie diet,

Eating soft water

With excessive sweating.

Increased need: for example, during growth, pregnancy, breastfeeding;

In situations of stress and increased mental stress;

During the rehabilitation period after serious illnesses and injuries.

Taking certain medications can also be the cause of its deficiency (diuretics, cardiac glycosides, antibiotics (especially aminoglycosides, gentamicin), corticosteroids, oral contraceptives, hormone replacement therapy, anti-inflammatory drugs, etc.

Intravenous medical nutrition.

Low solar insolation: winter period of the year, work in dark rooms. Vascular (arrhythmia) and gastrointestinal disorders.

Poisoning with cobalt, manganese, cadmium, aluminum, beryllium, lead, nickel.

• Paresthesias are sensory disturbances for which the nature of sensations of numbness, tingling, itching, crawling, painful cold, etc.
• Hidden or overt tetany - pathological condition, for which convulsive syndrome and increased neuromuscular excitability are typical: tremor of the limbs, cramps in the calf muscles;

Other symptoms of magnesium deficiency:

• fatigue (“chronic fatigue syndrome”), irritability, insomnia, nightmares, difficult awakening (due to untimely production of hormones by the adrenal glands);
• depression, tearfulness;
• dizziness, headaches;
• memory loss;
• loss of appetite, spasmodic pain in the stomach, constipation, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting;
• diseases of the cardiovascular system: chest pain, hypertension, arrhythmias, angina pectoris, angiospasms;
• disorders of the adrenal glands;
• development of the initial stages of diabetes mellitus, urolithiasis and cholelithiasis;
• immunodeficiency states, an increase in the likelihood of developing tumor diseases;
• fragility of hair and nails, dry skin;

Signs of excess magnesium in the body (hypermagnesemia):

Magnesium is not a toxic macronutrient; a lethal dose for humans has not been established. Significant doses for a long time can cause poisoning, especially when taken with calcium and phosphorus.

• Excessive intake of a macronutrient in the body.
• Magnesium metabolism disorders.

An increase in the content of magnesium in the blood is possible when taking antacids, which contain magnesium, or laxatives in patients with chronic renal failure. Deterioration of kidney function (filtration) can cause a significant increase in serum magnesium, for example, in acute renal failure with oliguria.

Excess magnesium can cause:

• dyslexia (impaired ability to master the skill of reading);
• hyperfunction of the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands;
• arthritis;
• nephrocalcinosis (deposition of calcium salts in the tissues of the kidneys);
• psoriasis.

Injections of magnesium sulfate can provoke the following symptoms of intoxication: general depression, lethargy and drowsiness.

The use of magnesium sulfate during pregnancy four times increases the likelihood of developing cerebral palsy in a child.

Symptoms of excess magnesium in the body:

• lethargy, drowsiness;
• loss of strength, decreased performance;
• disorders of the nervous system;
• lowering blood pressure;
• bradycardia (decreased heart rate);
• osteoprosis;
• diarrhea

Large concentrations of magnesium can inhibit the absorption of calcium in the body.

How to avoid magnesium deficiency in the body?