If your DVD player is broken, you don’t have to throw it away or take it to a workshop and pay money for repairs. You can disassemble and even repair the device yourself.

Design and principle of operation of a DVD player

The player consists of a body with a tray for loading a disc. On the front panel of the case there are: a status display, player control buttons, some models may have connectors for connecting a microphone, headphones, or flash drive. Inside the case everything is much more interesting.

Briefly about the main components of the device.

CPU

This is the main element of the player. It consumes electricity from a switching power supply.

Laser reading head

It is used to read information from the media. A wide flexible cable connects the reading head to the base board. All disk media have an installation track that is necessary for proper operation. It is located in the center. When a disc is loaded, the laser moves toward the center to read that track. If the reading was successful, the presence of the disc is established, and only after that the rotation motor is turned on and the disc begins to play.

Spindle drive motor

The motor interacts with the processor through the driver. The disk rotation speed depends on the processor signals.

Driver

This is a microcircuit that receives commands from the processor and controls the operation of the spindle drive motor, the laser lens focusing coil, the laser reader movement motor, and the tray loading and unloading motor.

Is it possible to repair it yourself?

“So many devices and wires! I’d better take it to the workshop!” - you say in horror, clutching your head. But! Don't rush to spend money. There are some breakdowns that can be easily identified and repaired using a regular screwdriver.

If the player does not turn on

There could be many reasons for this. Let's look at the most basic and common ones. Let's remove the player's cover and check the power cord for internal damage. To check the operation of the multimeter, turn it on in resistance measurement mode. We connect the probes to each other. If the device is working properly, zeros will appear on the display. We connect the open probes to the cord. One probe to the cable contact at the junction with the board, the other to one of the plug contacts in turn. If the ohmmeter gives up to 3 ohms, the wire is without damage. If more, then there is a break in the core and the cord must be replaced. If the multimeter does not react at all, it means that the contact on the plug and on the opposite end do not belong to the same core of the electrical wire. It is not recommended to use the multimeter in continuity mode, as it operates in the range from 0 to several hundred ohms. The next step is to inspect for dust and swollen capacitors. We remove dust and replace capacitors. If no visual faults are found, and replacing the wire does not change the situation, take the player to a workshop.

The video below shows how the multimeter works.

How to ring a wire

If the discs are not readable

Let's look at the main causes of breakdowns and how to deal with them.

Head fault

Reasons: the laser head is dirty or the laser is out of order.

The contaminated head is blown out with compressed air using a regular rubber bulb. The lens lens is wiped with a cotton swab moistened with alcohol. Solvents must not be used. You need to wipe very carefully with light movements. If cleaning is not enough, the head must be replaced.

Cleaning on video

Replacing the laser head

Malfunction of the connecting cable

The train often breaks at the folds. We disassemble the player in the same way as when servicing the laser head. Carefully remove the cable from the plugs. Let's take a look. If there are visible breaks along the edges, and you do not want to change the cable completely, we make preliminary repairs. We cut off the damaged area with scissors. We remove the insulation layer with a knife or blade so as not to break the metal strips. If you can’t do it neatly, you can try to remove the insulation with a medical needle or fine sandpaper. The width of the removed layer should be the same as that of the cut piece of the train. We remove the blue plastic end plate from the trim and similarly glue it to the updated edge of the cable using super glue.

Restoring a cable on video

Now that the cable visually appears intact, we call its contacts. We attach one probe to the contact at one end, and the other one in turn to all contacts at the other end. We do the same on the other side of the loop. Each contact must call one contact on the other side. If the contact rings with several, then there is a short circuit in the loop. If the contact does not ring with any other contact, then there is a break in the loop. In both cases, the cable cannot be used. It needs to be replaced.

Engine malfunction

If the motor rotates unevenly or does not rotate, it must be replaced along with the nozzle.

Replacing DVD Motor to Video

If the tray does not open

When the player's cover is removed, turn it on and press the disc eject button. Since the tray itself is not able to extend, you need to push it slightly. But do this carefully so as not to get an electric shock. The lid will slide out and disconnect the player from the network. Take a stick with cotton wool and moisten it with alcohol. We wipe the tray rails. We press the button. If the problem is not corrected, unscrew the necessary screws, remove the strips, plastic covers and get to the belt.

We change the belt and put everything back together. The video below shows a detailed replacement of the computer drive belt. We work similarly in a DVD player.

Cleaning, lubricating, replacing the belt

If the player does not see the flash drive

Most flash drives are natively NTFS formatted. You need to insert the flash drive into the computer, copy the necessary information to the hard drive, click on the flash drive right click mouse and select "Format". Next, select the FAT 32 format, agree that all data will be lost and click ok. If the DVD still does not see the flash drive, then the problem is in the electronics: the microcircuits may be damaged or the power supply in the wires or cables may be interrupted. It's worth turning to professionals.

Is it possible to flash a DVD player?

Updating your device will not solve all your problems. You can Russify the player with firmware. It will produce larger movies and eliminate errors in reading supported formats. But the player will not be able to read formats that were not previously supported. Therefore, if the device works without lags, do not update it.

In order to find out whether it is possible to flash your DVD player, you need to carefully read the device model on the back cover. Go to the manufacturer's official website and look at the firmware for this model. If they exist, then download the latest version to your computer and burn it to a CD. We launch the disc in the player. When the update is complete, the initial splash screen will appear on the TV or player screen, and the disc tray will automatically eject.

Complex breakdowns

In addition to problems that can be corrected by any user who knows how to use a screwdriver and pliers, there are no less common, but more complex problems:

• The display backlight does not work;
• sound distortion;
• no picture or sound;
• no picture or sound;
• Karaoke mode does not work;
• no color image;
• complex mechanical damage, including water ingress;
• failure of the power controller;
• failure of microcircuits.

There are many manufacturers of DVD players. The operating principle and basic elements of the devices are the same. Therefore, the repair of players from different manufacturers is similar. If you want to try to repair the player yourself, go for it. Perhaps you will succeed, and you will be able to help your friends another time. Or maybe you’ll like it so much that you’ll get into radio engineering and open your own business.

Updated – 2017-03-04

Windows doesn't see the drive. What surprises does the computer present to us? Going to bed and don’t know whether it will turn on tomorrow? or anywhere at all? This used to worry me all the time too. The most interesting thing is that the surprises are always different. One day, I suddenly discovered that the disk drive icon had disappeared in the My Computer folder on my system. Windows just doesn't see the drive. What to do? First you need to check the drive itself.

The drive tray itself extends and accepts discs, which means the problem is either:

1. in the train,
2. in the drive,
3. in the drive controller.

Most likely the reason is in the drive itself. But it doesn't hurt to check.

If the drive worked normally before, then let's try.

If for some reason it is impossible to restore the system, then we check whether our drive is visible in the BIOS.

If the drive is not detected in the BIOS, then check the cable (cable) that connects the drive to the motherboard. If possible, we replace it with one that is known to work.

I checked the drive with a working cable, but it is still not detected. Then we try to connect the drive to another computer to determine its functionality.

If the drive is working, then enter “ device Manager» ( Start – Settings – Control Panel – System – Hardware – Device Manager) . Check at the bottom on the tab " Are common" in the window " Application of devices » whether the device itself is turned on. If it’s turned off, then turn it on through the same window (just select the entry “ This device is in use (on) ».

Let's see if the entry contains " DVD and CD-ROM drives » our disk drive. And is there an exclamation mark on a yellow background next to the entry?

If there is an exclamation mark next to the drive, then we try to remove the drive driver (double-click on the name of the drive, select the “ tab Driver" and press the button " Delete"). Reboot the computer.

After rebooting, the system should automatically detect the drive and load the driver.

If the drive and cable are working, then this should help, but if not, then most likely you will have to fix it.

Let's try to boot any self-booting disk, having previously set the BIOS to boot from the CD drive. If the boot occurs and the disk opens, but Windows still does not see the disk drive, then we have a problem with operating system. Here you need to first check the system for viruses, and then delve into .

In the meantime, you can play in the casino for money. Maybe you'll get lucky.

The vast majority of modern laptops are equipped by default with a universal disk drive, which allows you to work with various types of disks. However, it also happens that the laptop cannot read the discs or the drive refuses to work at all. In this article we will talk about possible solutions to these problems.

There are several reasons why the disk drive on a laptop may not work properly. In most cases, it all comes down to device failure or lens contamination.

Reason 1: Physical problems

The first step is to check whether the disk drive on the laptop is working properly and whether it is visible as equipment in "Device Manager". Follow the steps we described in other articles on the site and, if this does not bring results, proceed to the next section.

Just like on a computer, you can easily replace a faulty disk drive by first finding and purchasing a suitable replacement. Moreover, if desired, you can install an additional hard drive instead of an optical drive.

Reason 2: Laser contamination

If the drive is correctly connected and configured, but does not read discs well or at all, the problem may be that the laser head is dirty. To correct the problem, open the drive and gently wipe the focusing lens.

Note: Cleaning must be done with the laptop turned off or after first disconnecting the drive from the laptop.

To remove dust, it is best to use cotton swabs pre-moistened with isopropyl alcohol. After cleaning in mandatory Remove any remaining alcohol from the focusing lens.

Do not use improvised solutions to replace alcohol, as this may damage the device more than before. Also, try not to touch the lens with your hands without using a Q-tip.

After completing the cleaning process, you need to turn on the laptop and check the functionality of the disk drive. If the discs are still not readable, the laser head may be damaged. In this case, the only solution is to replace the faulty drive.

Reason 3: Storage media

The third reason the drive on a laptop does not work is due to the lack of support for a specific type of storage media by the device. This doesn’t happen often, since the laptop’s optical drive is designed for any type of disc.

In addition to the lack of support, the problem may be that the storage medium itself is faulty and therefore cannot be read. Due to the relatively low level of drive reliability, this phenomenon is not uncommon.

You can check for a malfunction using other disks or a device with the ability to read optical media.

Reason 4: Incorrect entry

When trying to read information from rewritable media, errors may also occur, which, however, have little to do with optical drive malfunctions. The only option here is to write the files incorrectly.

This problem can be corrected by formatting and rewriting information, for example, using the program. In this case, previously recorded files will be completely deleted from the media without the possibility of recovery.

Note: Sometimes such software prevents the drive from working properly.

Laboratory work No. 4

Topic: Disk drive (drive)

Goal: To know the insides of the drive, how it works, DVD discs.

Explanation of the work.

CD-ROM drive device.

A CD-ROM drive is a complex electronic-optical-mechanical device for reading information from laser disks. A typical drive consists of an electronics board (sometimes two or even three boards - a spindle control circuit and an opto-receiver amplifier separately), a spindle assembly, an optical read head with a drive for its movement and disk loading mechanics.

A typical drive consists of an electronics board, a spindle motor, an optical readhead system, and a disk loading system. The electronics board contains all the drive control circuits, the interface with the computer controller, the interface connectors and the audio signal output. Most drives use a single electronics board, but some models have separate circuits on small auxiliary boards.

Spindle assembly (the motor and the spindle itself with the disk holder) are used to rotate the disk. Typically the disk rotates at a constant linear speed, which means that the spindle changes speed depending on the radius of the track from which the optical head is currently reading information. As the head moves from the outer radius of the disk to the inner radius, the disk must quickly increase its rotational speed by approximately doubling, so good dynamic response is required from the spindle motor. The motor is used for both acceleration and deceleration of the disk.

The spindle itself is fixed to the axis of the spindle motor (or in its own bearings), to which the disk is pressed after loading. The surface of the spindle is sometimes covered with rubber or soft plastic to prevent the disc from slipping, although in more advanced designs only the upper clamp is rubberized to increase the accuracy of the disc being installed on the spindle. The disk is pressed against the spindle using the upper clamp located on the other side of the disk. In some designs, the spindle and clamp contain permanent magnets, the attractive force of which forces the clamp through the disk to the spindle. Other designs use coil or flat springs for this purpose.

Optical head system consists of the head itself and its movement system. The head contains a laser emitter based on an infrared laser LED, a focusing system, a photodetector and a pre-amplifier. Focusing system It is a movable lens driven by an electromagnetic voice coil system, similar to the movable loudspeaker system. Changes in the magnetic field strength cause the lens to move and the laser beam to refocus. Thanks to its low inertia, such a system effectively tracks the vertical runout of the disk even at significant rotation speeds.

Head movement system has its own drive motor, which drives the carriage with the optical head using a gear or worm gear. To eliminate backlash, a connection with an initial voltage is used: with a worm gear - spring-loaded balls, with a gear - pairs of gears spring-loaded in opposite directions. The motor used is usually a stepper motor, and much less often a brushed DC motor.

Disc loading system There are three options: using a special cassette for the disk (caddy), inserted into the receiving niche of the drive (similar to how a 3" floppy disk is inserted into the drive), using a retractable tray (tray), on which the disk itself is placed, and using a retractable mechanism. Systems with Tray usually contain a special motor that allows the tray to extend, although there are designs (for example, Sony CDU31) without a special drive that are pushed in by hand. Systems with a retracting mechanism are usually used in compact CD-Changers for 4-5 discs, and necessarily contain a motor for drawing in and ejecting disks through a narrow charging slot.

On the front panel The drive usually contains an Eject button for loading/unloading a disc, a drive access indicator, and a headphone jack with an electronic or mechanical volume control. A number of models have added a Play/Next button to start playing audio discs and switch between audio tracks.

Most drives also have a small hole on the front panel designed for emergency removal of the disk in cases where this cannot be done in the usual way - for example, if the tray drive or the entire CD-ROM fails, if there is a power failure, etc. You usually need to insert a pin or a straightened paper clip into the hole and gently press - this unlocks the tray or disk case, and it can be pulled out manually (although there are drives, for example Hitachi, in which you need to insert a small screwdriver into such a hole and rotate it located behind the front drive panel axle with slot).

How a DVD drive works

What does it consist of?

1. All you can see without opening its case is the tray, which plays the role of a sliding tray where you insert the disk so that the drive can begin working with it later.

2. Hidden in its vast part is a motor that forces the tray to move out of its garage (body) and then return to its original place, regardless of whether it is empty or with contents - a disk.

3. A motor, thanks to which the disk rotates around its axis to the speed declared by the manufacturer. For example, if it is a regular disk type - CD, the reading speed can reach 52X and higher.

4. A motor that allows the structure on which the drive laser is located to move.

5. Board - playing a major role in operation. A kind of computer that receives the master’s commands and forces them to be carried out by the other components listed above, in order to then turn to the master again and send him the result of their actions.

How does it work?

1. The very first thing the drive does after a disk has been placed in it is trying to read data from it. To do this, he uses all of the above components, but the first of them is the tray and its components.

2. Then the design comes into play, which is driven by the motor from point 4, where we describe what the drive consists of. It contains a laser that emits a “beam of light.”

3. The light beam, thanks to a special “guide prism” and its other components, penetrates the surface of the “reflecting mirror”, which, due to the subsequent movement of the structure with the laser, reflects it onto the surface of the inserted disk.

4. When the beam reaches the target, it is reflected again, but from the very surface of the disk. The beam reflected from the disk again appears at the “reflecting mirror”. And here the guiding prism comes into play again, with the help of which the resulting beam penetrates the “photosensitive device” that generates electrical impulses.

5. The final stage can be considered “chewing” the received information by using microcircuits, which in turn send the received data to the computer, or receive it, and, depending on the type of command, get to work.

DVD capacity (layers and sides)

There are currently four main types of DVD discs, classified by the number of sides (single- or double-sided) and layers (single- and double-layer).

· DVD-5 - single-sided single-layer disk with a capacity of 4.7 GB. Consists of two substrates connected to each other. One of them contains a recorded layer, which is called the zero layer, the second is completely empty. Single-layer discs typically use an aluminum coating.

· DVD-9 - single-sided double-layer disk with a capacity of 8.5 GB. Consists of two stamped substrates connected in such a way that both recorded layers are on the same side of the disc; on the other side there is an empty substrate. The outer (zero) stamped layer is covered with a translucent gold film that reflects the laser beam focused on this layer and transmits the beam that is focused on the lower layer. A single variable-focus laser is used to read both layers.

· DVD-10 - double-sided single-layer disk with a capacity of 9.4 GB. Consists of two stamped substrates connected to each other by their back sides. The recorded layer (zero layer on each side) is usually coated with aluminum. Please note that this type of disc is double-sided; The reading laser is located at the bottom of the drive, so to read the second side the disc must be removed and flipped over.

· DVD-18 - double-sided double-layer disk with a capacity of 17.1 GB. Combines two recording layers on each side. The sides of the disc, each formed by two stamped layers, are joined together with their backs facing each other. The outer layers (layer 0 on each side of the disc) are coated with a translucent gold film, the inner layers (layer 1 on each side) are coated with aluminum. The reflectivity of a single-layer disk is 45–85%, and that of a two-layer disk is 18–30%. Various reflective properties are compensated for by an automatic gain control (AGC) circuit.

Control questions:

1. What is a disk drive for?

2. What does a disk drive consist of?

3. How the drive works

4. What drive companies do you know?

5. DVD capacity

Related information.

Hello, friends! In this article, we will talk about how to include disks in a cd-rom. It was not by chance that I decided to write an article; a user contacted me with the question that after a minor glitch, the autorun of CDs and DVDs stopped working for him. Let's take a little look at why disk autorun is needed in general.

For example: you have a CD or DVD with a program, game or movie, you open the CD-ROM and put the disc in it, the drive works, but nothing appears on the desktop for further actions.

You have to open “My Computer” and at the same time also open your CD or DVD disc in order to play it. Agree this is not very convenient and then let’s look at how to enable or dvd disks.

In order to enable autorun of CDs or DVDs, go to the “Control Panel” and open the “Autorun” control.

You will see this window with autorun settings. For each individual media, you can select the setting you need. See the screenshot, I marked everything with arrows: To enable autorun, check the box next to “Use autorun for all media and devices”, then next to each media, click on the arrow so that a drop-down menu appears with the choice of enabling or disabling CD or DVD autorun.

Dropdown menu settings:

1. If you select the setting - “Install or execute the program from the user’s media”, then when you start the CD or DVD disc, the program or game will begin to be installed immediately. I don't recommend you do this.
2. If you select the setting - “Open a folder to view files using Explorer”, then when you launch a CD or DVD disc in a window on the desktop, the disc with the available information will be opened.
3. If you select the setting - “Do not perform any actions”, then the CD or DVD disc will not autorun.
4. If you select the setting - “Ask every time”, then when you start the CD or DVD disc, a window will appear on the desktop with a choice of actions, “Install” or “Open for viewing”.

If after all the settings you or still doesn't work, then go to the registry. In the Start menu, in the search bar, enter “Regedit”. In the registry window we look for this section
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\CDRom
We look in the right column for the value AutoRun, double-click on it with the mouse button. There should be a number in the window that opens 1 this parameter is responsible for enabling CD-ROM autorun, if enabled 0 , this means that autorun is disabled.

Let's move on. If you have everything enabled in the registry, but CD autorun does not occur, then do the following. Go to “Device Manager”, select “DVD and CD-ROM drives”, right-click on the device and delete it. We restart the computer, after rebooting, the system will install the required driver and detect the device.

Well, that seems to be all, I hope that the article described everything clearly and that this information at least somehow helped you. If you have anything to add to the article, write in the comments, I will be glad to communicate. Good luck to all!!!