The daylily is a large flower full of charm and fragrance. Daylilies have remained an important symbol in art and religion for centuries. In Chinese culture, these flowers symbolize good luck and lasting love.

Daylily is considered a hardy crop that requires attention and care. These majestic flowers cannot leave indifferent any flower grower. In order to admire and admire these magnificent flowers, you need to know how to properly care for and plant them. Growing flowers is not so difficult if you follow certain rules. In order for flowers to please you every year, it is necessary to create all favorable conditions for their growth and development.

Cultivation of daylily is considered an urgent issue today, as the number of lovers of this fragrant flower is increasing every day. This paper presents the main points on the care and planting of a daylily, from which it is quite clear that you can grow such a flower yourself.

Daylily breeding has come a long way in 30 years. The catalog contains about 70 thousand items and their descriptions. Varieties of daylilies are classified according to some properties:

• growing season;
• aroma;
• flowering time;
• coloring.

Adorable daylilies varieties:

• Chang Dinesti is coral pink with peach trim. Flowers of this variety change color depending on weather conditions;
• Paula Dask has a pink shade with a cream border;
• Robin Lee is pink-red with white trim.

Selecting a landing site

If you are planning to get a daylily, first take care of the place to plant it. Varieties of yellow and white daylilies require special attention. To comply with all the rules for planting and cultivating these flowers, preference is given to places with sunny access.

Dark red flowers prefer partial shading. It is dark shades that better absorb heat and consume sunlight, and because of this, they lose their color early. A distinctive feature of all daylilies is the presence of a pale bordering strip on the petals. This effect gives charm and charm to these wonderful plants. In regions with hot summers, flowers of bright colors may change color, that is, turn pale. To maintain a rich color, you need to provide good watering to the daylily.

When choosing a landing site, the following conditions must be considered:

1. It is not necessary to plant flowers next to trees and shrubs, as the daylily will require enough moisture, thereby maintaining competition from plantings.
2. The presence of wind does not frighten these flowers, they calmly endure windy weather, because they have flexible and elastic stems. Therefore, flower growers often advise daylilies for growing in windy regions.
3. These plants should be planted in light, organic-rich soil. On soils with a heavy structure (loam), these plants are not fully realized, therefore, such soil must be lightened through the use of sand and compost. The soil environment for daylilies should be in the range of 6.5-7.0 units, that is, a neutral or slightly acidic environment.
4. Daylilies do not tolerate stagnant water, so when choosing a place, you need to pay attention to this indicator - in no case should they be planted in recesses.

After buying plants, you need to carefully examine them and remove non-living roots. The leaves are cut about ten centimeters above the root. To prevent diseases, it is best to soak the daylily roots in a weak solution of nutrients for a period of 5 to 24 hours at a temperature of 28-30 degrees Celsius.

The following preparations are used for soaking the roots:

• solution "Kornevin";
• 0.0015% solution of indolylbutyric acid;
• heteroauxin;
• willow infusion, for its preparation, chopped willow branches are soaked in water for a period of two days. Such an infusion provokes daylily roots to germinate.

When dividing the roots, damage can form, a fungicide is used to heal them.

Daylily planting

For daylilies of planting and care in the open field, you need to prepare a recess corresponding to the size of the roots. A small tubercle is made in the center of the hole, on which the roots are laid out. Then we fall asleep with earth to the level of the root collar with a gradual compaction of the soil. The root neck cannot be covered with earth. As the earth is added to the hole, watering is carried out, after full backfilling and planting, the plant is watered abundantly.

Experienced flower growers claim that when the root neck is deepened, the daylily can rot and die.

Important: Daylily is usually planted for several years (3-4 years or more). Most often this is done in September, sometimes in August.

In some cases, for impatient gardeners, it is allowed to plant a flower in the spring or summer, then it is necessary to ensure daily watering for 10 days. After that, you need to feed with mineral and organic preparations. The use of fertilizers provokes the rapid formation of a generative bud, which ensures abundant flowering of the plant.

When planting in autumn, the soil surface around the daylily must be mulched with sawdust or humus and soil moisture must be regulated. If the autumn turned out to be dry, then the plants should be watered periodically.

Ways to irrigate daylilies

This plant can withstand drought for a long time, it acquired this property due to the structure and potential of the root system. But still, it must be remembered that regular and abundant watering provokes the ripening of large and bright daylily buds.

During the growing season, the daylily should be watered about once a week. But the timing, of course, depends on the climatic conditions of the region and the age of the plant. If the climate of the area is very dry, then watering should be regulated in relation to soil indicators.

You should not put much hope on rain, to check the impregnation of the soil with moisture after rain, you should check the soil to a depth of 10 centimeters: if there is enough moisture, then the irrigation process can be rejected for a while. Daylily requires regular and abundant watering, the root zone of the plant must be saturated with moisture to a depth of about 50 cm or more.

On sandy soils, additional watering is often required, since such a structure does not retain moisture well. Mulch helps a lot to keep the moisture in. Sawdust, humus or peat are most often used as mulch.

During the hot summer months, watering is recommended in the evening. Watering should be carried out directly under the daylily bush, watering by spraying can lead to uneven color of the buds. Recently, the use of drip irrigation has become relevant. This type of irrigation provides a uniform and regular distribution of moisture over the soil. For daylily, it is quite possible to use sprinkling, but it is better to use it after flowering.

Like any other plant, the lily flower does not tolerate waterlogging, moreover, high humidity often provokes the appearance of pests and diseases. Irrigation volumes depend on the age category and size of the bush.

Modern breeding is aimed at improving the appearance of the flower and developing its resistance and adaptation to adverse conditions. The main goal of breeders is to breed varieties that are resistant to diseases and pests, low temperatures and drought resistance.

Important: It is vital for the daylily to ensure regular watering. This aspect deserves special attention during periods of hot summer months.

Fertilization

This plant is very demanding on the introduction of nutrients and top dressing. Competent and timely application of a normalized dosage of fertilizers ensures the activation of growth processes and the development of generative flowers. The positive effect of nitrogen-containing fertilizers affects the growth and development of plants.

Of course, for a rational calculation of the consumed elements, it is necessary to take into account the structure of the soil. In the event of an overabundance or lack of trace elements, the plant may die, so this issue should be approached with certain knowledge.

To understand this issue, consider the properties of chemical elements. Chemicals are divided into: mineralized and non-mineralized. From non-mineral we know - hydrogen, oxygen, carbon. Such substances are found in large volumes in the air and water spheres. The atmosphere and water substrate plus solar energy are the catalysts for photosynthesis.

Minerals are of two types:

1. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium. Phosphorus is needed for the development of the root system, potassium optimizes the processes in the aerial part of the plant.
2. Calcium, magnesium, sulfur. Magnesium is a component of chlorophyll, sulfur is involved in redox processes, calcium is a component of pectin substances.

For the normal development of daylilies, trace elements are needed that ensure growth. Trace elements include: molybdenum, boron, zinc, iron, copper.

Before fertilizing, it is necessary to accurately determine the acidity of the soil, this will prevent an imbalance in the nutrition of daylilies. For these colors, neutral pH values ​​\u200b\u200bare beneficial acidity.

When using fertilizers, it is necessary to adhere to the following approximate doses and terms of application:

• in April, it is possible to apply complex mineral fertilizers in the proportion of 1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water. One of the popular fertilizers of this type is nitroammophoska;
• in May, urea and saltpeter are often used. Such fertilizers can simply be scattered under the bushes, trying to prevent contact with the vegetative organs of the plant. Also, to stimulate growth processes at this time, magnesium sulfate can be added, which enriches the lily flower with a rich green ground mass;
• in June, buds form at the daylily, and after that fragrant flowers appear, so during this period it will be optimal to use bird droppings, mullein or compost. After applying these fertilizers, the daylily will delight you with bright and fragrant flowers;
• in August, fertilizers are usually used with the expectation of further work, that is, they will have a positive effect on the formation of generative buds next year. A good result shows nitroammophoska.

During the growing season, once every 14 days, you can use solutions of organic substances - mullein, bird droppings in doses of 1 liter per 10 liters of water.

Important: Immediately after the incorporation of fertilizers, it is necessary to carry out abundant watering of the soil.

Approximate dosage calculations for daylily fertilizers: a solution of urea and nitroammophoska is prepared in the proportion of one tablespoon per 10 liters of water, sometimes substances that stimulate growth are added to the solutions.

Mulching

A large number of varieties of daylilies are adapted for the southern regions, so mulching is simply necessary for them. Mulching has a positive effect on:

• regulation of soil moisture;
• exclusion of depletion of the plant;
• reducing the amount of weeds;
• protect the soil from temperature fluctuations.

Sawdust, peat, humus are often used as natural mulch. This type of mulch additionally provides soil enrichment with organic fertilizers, increases air permeability and optimizes moisture content.

Mulching is of two types:

• cosmetic provides the aesthetics of the appearance of the soil surface. Usually the cosmetic layer of mulch is about 3 centimeters;
• functional mulching is laid in a layer of about 10 centimeters.

In severe winter conditions, the mulch is laid in a layer of 5 cm, the main components of such mulch are straw, needles, and leaves. The main purpose of such mulching is to preserve the soil from freezing.

In summer, mulch is laid to protect the soil from drying out and reduce the growth of weeds.

Daylily reproduction

Daylily reproduces in several ways:

1. Reproduction by layering, this method guarantees the preservation of all varietal characteristics of the parents. Layers appear from dormant buds located in the axils of the leaf plate.
2. Vegetative propagation occurs by dividing the bushes. This method is good because all the useful properties of colors are transferred. Otherwise, such reproduction occurs with the help of division. This process is carried out either in early spring, for example, in May, when the leaf blades grow by 10 centimeters, or in August.
3. Propagation by seeds is most often used in the work of breeders to develop new varieties.
4. meristem reproduction.

The division of the bushes contains the following steps:

• carrying out separation. The division is carried out by hand or with a knife.
• washing under the pressure of water;
• digging a bush;

Diseases and pests

Most often, these plants are affected by root rot, various types of spotting, rust and fusarium.

Preventive measures in the fight against diseases are the use of fungicides.

If the flower is already affected by the disease, it should be dug up immediately, and the rhizomes should be poured with a solution of potassium permanganate for 4 hours, after which the rhizomes should be dried and planted elsewhere.

Among the pests most often attack daylilies:

• thrips attack daylily bushes during early spring (April-May). To destroy these pests, bushes should be burned, and the soil should be treated with insecticides;
• lily midges live in flower buds;
• spider mites;
• slugs
• bedbugs.

The role of flowers in landscape design

Daylilies fit perfectly into all design compositions on the flower garden. The main thing to consider is the combination of color compositions, but since the daylily has a wide variety of colors, such a question disappears by itself.

This plant is perfect for the following shrubs: barberry, elderberry, mock orange, privet.

Each flower of this plant lives only one day. But, despite this, most flower growers consider it their duty to plant it, since they cannot imagine a flower garden without a daylily or daylily. The reason for this is a huge variety of varieties, a rich color palette and an amazing vitality of a flower. Planting and caring for daylilies in the open field are not difficult, but they have their own characteristics.

This flower does not create any special problems for flower growers. It easily adapts to different conditions. That's just the real lush and long-term flowering, for which they appreciate the beautiful day, without proper care of the grower will not. Proper and timely planting is one of the important elements of good daylily care.

Landing in open ground

From whether the flower is planted correctly, its future fate depends: whether it will simply fight for life or, thriving in good conditions, will become an ornament to the flower garden and give abundant flowering.

How and when to plant?

Planting dates depend on whether you are planting a newly acquired plant or deciding to divide an old bush. Daylily can be planted from spring to the end of summer, and in the southern regions and in September, taking into account the time required for the plant to take root. But the division is best done in the spring. At the same time, it is better to plant krasnodnev in regions with cold winters. Over the summer, the plant will get stronger and will not suffer even in severe frosts.

How to plant krasnodnev?

• They dig a hole taking into account that the entire root system is accommodated, and there is still some space left on the sides. The depth of the pit is about 30 cm, and the diameter is at least 50 cm, taking into account that the bush grows over time.
• The soil for planting is prepared from a mixture of sand, peat and humus with the addition of Art. spoons of ash and a pinch of potash-phosphorus fertilizer. You should not get carried away with nitrogen, it provokes the growth of the vegetative mass at the expense of flowering.
• An earth mound is poured in the center of the hole and the plant is placed, spreading the roots well. They should not be horizontal, but go a little at an angle in depth.
• A white stripe at the base of the leaves will tell you about the level of planting in the same place. The flower should be located in the same way in a new place. The root neck should not be buried more than 2-3 cm, but there should not be bare roots either.
• Cover the roots with soil. It must be carefully compacted, preventing the presence of air in the soil - this will cause the roots to die. Gradually water the filled soil. When the plant is fully planted, abundant watering will be required.

Site and soil preparation

Daylily is a long-lasting flower. Some specimens live without a transplant for up to 15 years. Therefore, the place must be chosen carefully so as not to disturb the plant once again with a transplant.

Be sure to take into account the requirements that Krasnodn makes for successful growth and flowering:

• a sunny plot, an exception is made only for dark-colored varieties in the southern regions - the flowers burn out from the bright sun, so they need shade at noon;
• loose fertile land that retains moisture well, but without stagnant water;
• neutral or slightly acidic soil reaction;
• the absence of nearby trees and shrubs with which you will have to compete for moisture.

The soil must be prepared in advance. Heavy soil - improve by adding sand and compost, and too light - by adding clay for moisture capacity, soddy-podzolic soil and compost. The earth is dug up on a spade bayonet, carefully choosing the roots of weeds. If necessary, adjust the acidity of the soil.

Landing nuances

Before planting, the plant must be prepared. Cut the leaves, leaving 10-15 cm above the root neck. Remove dead roots, sprinkling cuts with crushed charcoal. The roots are soaked in a weak solution of complex fertilizer with the addition of a root formation stimulator: heteroauxin is used in spring and autumn, and root in summer. Soaking time - up to 24 hours. Soaking should be done in the shade at a temperature of 15 to 23 degrees.

After planting, the soil under the plants is mulched to avoid moisture loss. In hot weather, planted plants need daily watering.

Daylilies: outdoor care

High-quality care and compliance with all the rules of agricultural technology will help maintain plant health and ensure long-term lush flowering.

Temperature regime

Despite the love of sunlight, this plant does not like too much heat. In strong heat, small drops can be sprinkled to make the plants more comfortable. The daylily is considered a frost-resistant flower, but winter shelter is desirable for it. It is especially important for evergreen and semi-evergreen varieties. Mulching the soil will keep it in a loose state, stabilize the temperature, creating better conditions for the development and flowering of daylilies.

Watering the plant

This is a very important event, since Krasodnev is a large water drink and grows well in the presence of moisture in the root zone. Due to the biological features of the root system, this plant can withstand a long dry period. But regular watering increases the number of buds and flower size. The lack of moisture in the soil is evidenced by pale foliage and dropping buds. Therefore, in the absence of rain, daylilies should be watered regularly, soaking the entire root layer of the soil. The plant does not like watering from above - spots appear on the flowers from water. It is best to water daylilies under the root with cold water. It is very good if it is possible to organize drip irrigation. Mulching helps retain moisture in the lower layers of the soil. Most often, daylilies are mulched with half-rotted needles or aged shredded bark.

To avoid burns on the flowers, daylilies are watered early in the morning or late in the evening.

Top dressing and fertilizer

In the first year after transplantation, the beauty day does not need it. Starting from the second year, the plant is fed regularly. The first top dressing is carried out in early spring with a complex mineral fertilizer in dry or liquid form. Dry fertilizer close up in the soil when loosening. The second top dressing with complex fertilizer is done when the buds are advanced. The third top dressing is carried out a month after the mass flowering with phosphorus and potash fertilizers. They will help plants better prepare for winter.

Daylilies respond well to foliar feeding. They can be made with solutions of mineral fertilizers, but at a lower concentration. They are made in cloudy calm weather in the early morning or late evening. Krasodnev loves liquid organic fertilizers: infusions of rotted grass, manure or chicken manure. But they can only be carried out until August, since an excess of nitrogen in the second half of the growing season will not allow the plants to prepare well for winter.

pruning

In the spring, daylilies cut off old leaves along the edges of the curtain, this rejuvenates the bushes. After flowering, cut off all flower stalks. Before frost, it is advisable to cut off all old leaves, leaving only young ones that have recently grown.

Transfer

Daylilies tend to grow quickly. Lush flowering is observed for the first 5-7 years. In the future, the flowers become smaller, and there are fewer of them. So, it's time to transplant the plant, after dividing the curtain into parts.

In the spring, the daytime is transplanted as soon as the young leaves grow to a height of about 10 cm. The delenka is dug in from all sides, washed well with water and carefully divided into parts by hand. As a rule, this can be easily done. Sometimes for separation you have to use a sharp knife, which carefully divides the bushes. Separation points must be treated with a fungicide to prevent possible diseases.

Summer transplantation is possible, but not very desirable, especially in hot weather - this is a strong stress for plants. Planting daylilies in autumn is possible no later than 1.5 months before the onset of frost, so that young bushes have time to take root. The procedure for transplanting is the same as when planting a new plant.

Fall care, preparation for winter

The roots of most daylilies are not afraid of frosts down to -25 degrees, which cannot be said about the aerial part. It freezes at the first frost. Plants need to be prepared for winter in advance. To do this, at the end of summer, potash and phosphorus fertilizers are applied, which increase frost resistance. Many flower growers prune the old leaves on daylilies before the onset of frost. But you can leave them on the plant. The process of photosynthesis, and hence the accumulation of nutrients in the roots, will continue until they dry out. Dried leaves will additionally cover the plant from the cold. You just need to remove them in time with the onset of spring. It will help to safely winter and mulching the bushes with dry peat, sawdust, chopped straw. This procedure should be carried out after the final establishment of cold weather, so that the bushes do not rot. Many evergreen and semi-evergreen varieties need additional cover with spruce branches.

Daylily reproduction

There are many ways to reproduce:

• dividing the bush;
• seeds;
• air outlets.

The first method has already been described in detail. Additionally, it can be noted that when dividing a bush, parts are always obtained that are different in quality. Peripheral delenki have stronger roots and are more likely to accept and bloom. Parts from the middle take root worse. They need to remove dead roots and trim living ones to stimulate the growth of new ones. These delenki require more attention when caring, feeding and watering.

When propagating by seeds, it must be remembered that new plants will not repeat maternal signs. Seed propagation is used to obtain new hybrids. But, if your plant has pollinated and seeds have started, then you can try to sow them. Who knows, perhaps you will become the owner of an original beautifully flowering plant.

How to propagate krasnodnevy seeds?

So that the seeds do not scatter from a cracked box, it is tied with gauze or wrapped in paper. Fully ripened seeds are dried for 2 weeks and stored in a tightly closed container on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator so that they do not dry out.

The seed propagation algorithm for daylilies is as follows:

• before sowing, the seeds are soaked for 2-3 days in water, which is changed daily;
• sown in containers with nutrient soil to a depth of 0.5-1 cm with a distance of 2 cm between seeds;
• you can sow the seeds on the beds after the onset of heat, the distance between the seeds is 5 cm, between the rows is 20 cm;
• when seedlings grown in a room have 4 leaves, they can be picked out on a garden bed;
• daylilies will bloom in the second or third year.

After the end of flowering, in many varieties of krasodneva, small rosettes of leaves appear on the peduncles, which are successfully used for reproduction.

Do it like this:

• allow the outlet to develop well without cutting off the peduncle;
• for reproduction, cut it off, leaving 4 cm of the peduncle above and below;
• if there are no roots on the outlet, root it in water;
• in the event of the appearance of roots, they plant it, having previously dipped it in root;
• if at least 2 months remain before frost, you can plant sockets on the beds, they must be mulched for the winter;
• when winter is just around the corner, you will have to plant sockets in pots with light soil, sprinkled with a centimeter layer of sand and keep on the windowsill; care, fertilize and illuminate them, as well as indoor plants;
• plants are planted in the ground in spring.

With any method of planting, the sockets are not deepened, it is enough that the stem knot with roots is immersed in the soil. The leaves at the rosettes are cut to a height of 8 cm.

Table: diseases and pests of daylilies.

Disease or pest	How does it manifest	How to fight
Root collar rot	The leaves turn yellow and die, the neck softens, an odor appears	They wash the excavated plant, remove the rotten parts, disinfect it in a dark solution of potassium permanganate for 20 minutes, dry it in the shade before transplanting
leaf striping	Yellow streaks along the midrib and red-brown spots on the leaves	The affected leaves are removed, the plants are treated with foundationazole with a concentration of 0.2%
Rust	Slow growth, no flowering, leaf pustules filled with yellow-orange powder	All infected leaves are removed, as well as healthy ones nearby, treated with fungicides, changing preparations
Viruses	Plants look diseased, spots or streaks appear on the leaves	It is impossible to cure the plant; if the disease is confirmed, the plant is destroyed
daylily mosquito	Larvae in buds	Break off the affected buds
thrips	Ugly shapeless flowers, affected leaves	Cut flower stalks and remove affected leaves, treatment with systemic insecticides

Sometimes daylilies can have problems that are not related to diseases or pests.

Potential Growing Problems

They may be as follows.

• Fragility of peduncles - excessive watering and excess nitrogen in the soil are to blame.
• The spots on the petals of dark and red flowers are traces of sunburn or heavy rain.
• The flower does not fully open - a temporary phenomenon, passes on its own.
• Lack of flowering - too deep planting, excess nitrogen, insufficient lighting.

Daylily is a highly decorative and unpretentious plant. It is able to thank the grower for good care with long and lush flowering.

The Latin name for daylilies or daylilies - Hemerocallis consists of two words meaning "day" and "beauty". Each beautiful flower blooms for just one day.

The genus of daylilies includes approximately 25 species. Herbaceous perennials with a developed root system tolerate drought without problems. Straight or curved leaves with smooth edges grow from the root. Large flowers usually have the shape of a funnel of six petals, collected in inflorescences.

The flowering of each bush lasts about a month, but only a few flowers on the bush bloom at the same time. The stems are high - up to one meter, although there are also small species 30 cm tall. Seeds ripen in trihedral boxes.

Growing features

All daylilies are unpretentious, grow in bright sun and in the shade, and in dimly lit places, species with dark petals bloom better. The only requirement is remoteness from large trees and bushes, since next to them the roots of daylilies will not be able to extract enough moisture from the soil. Daylilies thrive in light, fertile soil.

With highly suitable groundwater, it is recommended to raise the beds so that the root system does not rot. On very dry soil, plants also cannot exist, but when mulching with peat, mowed grass or sawdust, this problem is solved.

Liliaceae can not be transplanted for a long time, they will continue to grow for 15 years or more, however, the flowers will gradually become smaller.

These species propagate by seeds and vegetatively, but when sowing seeds, the signs of the variety are almost always lost.

Landing

A daylily bush will take many years to grow, so carefully prepare the planting hole. Usually seedlings seem very small, but over time the bush will grow to half a meter in diameter.

If the soil on the site is fertile, it is enough to dig a hole about 30 cm deep and fill it with a mixture of peat, humus and sand. In poor soil, dig a hole deeper to fit a nutrient mixture containing phosphorus and potassium.

• Shake off the soil and wash the bush intended for planting. Consider the roots so as not to bring diseases and pests into the soil.
• Cut out dry and damaged roots and sprinkle the cuts with ash.
• Remove broken and dry leaves.
• Lower the bush into the hole and straighten the roots, pressing them to the ground.
• Pour in the nutrient mixture, without filling the hole to the top.
• Lightly press the soil at the roots with your hands, trying not to immerse the bush in the soil.
• Water generously. Water should fill the hole to the brim. If the moisture goes into the soil quickly, you haven't compacted it enough. Add dry soil, press the roots again and water again. Fill the hole with nutrient mixture.

The mulch should cover the root neck by 1.5-2 centimeters. Ingredients: peat and humus.

Landing time

In the middle lane, it is better to plant a daylily in May or August. If you need to land at a different time, try to do it in cool weather.

Advice. Over time, daylilies will grow, so leave a distance of 60 cm between them, for large varieties a gap of one meter is desirable. After 5 years, the bush will reach its maximum in development, and until that time you can fill the voids with other plants.

The soil

Daylilies do well in normal garden soils. In order for the plant to take root on poor soddy-podzolic soil, add compost with sand, peat and mineral fertilizers. Heavy clay soils do not pass moisture well, so when the air temperature drops, the roots can rot, and the risk of fungal diseases also increases. Sandy soil, on the contrary, does not retain water, and the flower will lack moisture and nutrients. Even if the flowers survive, they will be weak.

Planting in autumn

It is undesirable to plant in late autumn, as daylilies take root within a month. Try to spend the autumn planting before the end of September, so that the plant has time to get comfortable before frost. If the bushes are planted later, cover them with dry foliage.

Important! After autumn planting, control soil moisture. Mulch plants before frost. Do not deepen the root neck when planting, otherwise the plant will begin to rot and may die. At best, the daylily will not bloom.

Planting in the spring

A favorable time for planting is the warm days of spring and summer. In the heat, be sure to water the bushes for 7 days, after a month feed them with liquid fertilizers (mineral or organic).

Site selection and lighting

The place for planting white, yellow, pink and other light daylilies should be sunny. Flowers of saturated color - red, purple, purple love slightly shaded areas. In the bright sun, dark-colored species fade and fade prematurely, spots appear on the petals.

Interesting: In hot climates, dark-colored lilacs may change color during the day.

Do not place flowers near large trees, which will trap moisture. Daylilies are not afraid of wind and drafts, they can be safely planted in ventilated areas.

Advice. The daylily adapts to life in the shade, but in bright sunlight, light-colored and hybrid species will bloom more abundantly. Flowers may not open on cloudy days..

Air temperature

Daylilies wake up as soon as the night temperature becomes positive and the soil thaws. Around mid-April, plants emerge from under the snow with winter leaves that have begun to grow back in autumn. If the snow fell before frost in autumn and the leaves did not die, they can be destroyed by spring frosts. But these troubles can only slow down the development, the daylily will not die. At the first autumn frosts, the leaves fall down, not having time to turn yellow.

If the temperature drops to minus values ​​in summer during flowering, the flowers become smaller, do not fully open and fade.

Humidity and watering

Daylilies have a powerful root system, so plants extract moisture from the depths and they do not need surface waterlogging of the soil. Most daylilies need water during the budding and flowering phase. If the winter was snowy and the spring rainy, flowering will be plentiful. In dry weather, flowers should be watered once a week so that the soil is saturated 30 cm deep. Newly planted plants and bushes with an undeveloped root system require special attention. In dry summers, the bushes require two waterings every week. From August, lilies need to be watered less often, and in the rains, watering must be stopped.

Advice. You can reduce the number of waterings by mulching the soil. Also, bushes growing in the shade do not need frequent watering.

Additional watering is required for sandy soils and before fertilization.

The best time of day to water lilies is in the evening. Pour water under the bush, which is especially important when flowering. Bathing flowers during this period will result in spots on the petals.

Top dressing and fertilizer

For full flowering and growth in the second year of life, the soil under daylilies must be fed. In the spring, dry complex fertilizers are scattered near the bushes and watered abundantly. The main feeding should be carried out after flowering, before laying new buds.

Advice. For spring top dressing, sprinkle a couple of handfuls of compost with 50 grams of mineral mixture under each plant. A long-term fertilizer will ensure daylily growth throughout the season.

With high humidity, the flowers get wet and do not fall off, so they should be broken off manually. After the first frost, the leaves die, they can also be removed before wintering. Before the onset of winter, it is recommended to cut the flower stalks to the base.

spring pruning

To rejuvenate the bush, cut off all last year's leaves in the spring. So you clean the base of the curtain and young shoots will develop without interference.

summer pruning

Periodically inspect the bushes and pick off wilted flowers with peduncles. Cut off yellowed leaves at the base.

autumn pruning

Dried and yellowed leaves are best left for the winter - they will protect the bush from frost. If the growing season has not ended by the first frost, it is better to cut off the aerial part of the bush so that pests do not start in the wet leaves. Leave only the youngest leaves, which will insulate the root collar.

Transfer

If necessary, a transplant can be carried out at any time, except for winter. Next year, flowering will be poor, but after a year the plant will fully recover.

Spring transplant

If you transplant a bush in the spring, flowering will come in the summer, but it will not become full-fledged. Rhizomes can be stored in a shady place for up to three weeks, but it is advisable to dig in the roots.

Summer transplant

You can not transplant the plant in the heat, because high temperatures can provoke the development of fungal diseases and pathogenic bacteria. Protect the transplanted bush from direct sunlight and water well. A painless transplant should take place in early summer, the development of the bush will be very active.

Autumn transplant

The optimal time for an autumn transplant is 4-6 weeks before the first frost. As soon as flowering stops, dig up a bush, inspect the roots, remove damaged fragments and transplant into prepared soil so that the daylily has time to take root before frost.

reproduction

Daylilies are propagated by seeds and division of the bush, and cuttings.

Reproduction by seeds

With this method, the characteristics of the variety are not preserved, therefore only natural species are bred in this way. In species daylilies, seeds are not always tied due to the lack of pollinating insects.

Freshly harvested seeds can be sown before winter or spring. Daylilies have large seeds that germinate when sown in a cold greenhouse or in a garden bed after immersing 2 centimeters. For spring planting, the seeds are placed in cool soil (up to 4 ° C) for two months.

Bushes grown in this way will bloom in 2 or 3 years.

The division of the bush

It is better to divide the bush in the spring, in early May, when growth is just beginning. Suitable young plants up to 5 years. The roots can be separated by hand or cut, being careful not to damage the roots and leaves at the base of the bush. Sprinkle the cut with crushed coal, and fill the hole with earth and compact.

cuttings

When flowering ends, some types of daylilies grow rosette cuttings, consisting of short leaves. From the stem of the mother plant, carefully separate the stalk and shorten the leaves by a third. Plant the socket in the garden, shade and spray regularly, and water after rooting. In 90 percent of cases, such cuttings take root.

Bloom

All types of daylilies are beautiful: the bright color of the petals, graceful flowers, variety of forms and long flowering attract gardeners from all over the world. There is a huge selection of daylilies on sale, the packages indicate the height of the plant and the flowering time.

Advice. If the planted daylily does not have time to bloom in the first year, transplant it into a pot to return it to the garden in the spring.

• The earliest varieties bloom in late May - early June. There are few such species, and they are similar to natural daylilies.
• The early ones begin to bloom in early July.
• The middle ones wake up towards the end of July.
• The late ones open buds in August.

Early varieties bloom shorter than late ones. For example, June ones delight for about a month, and in August species, flowering lasts 55-65 days. The period and timing of flowering depend on the weather - in a warm and sunny summer, daylilies bloom early, each flower lives only one day, but the next one a new one appears. In cloudy weather, the next flower opens every other day. The buds are laid in the fall and in the spring you can calculate how many flowers there will be on each bush. In a warm year, flowering is stormy, but the total flowering time is reduced.

Daylilies are problem-free plants. The basic rules of care are the timely removal of wilted inflorescences, on which bacteria and pests usually start.

Important! In our climate, daylilies do not grow well in spring, often their leaf tips turn yellow. The reason is frequent fluctuations in temperature. It is not necessary to treat such plants, in summer these symptoms will disappear without intervention..

Common diseases of daylilies:

Root collar rot. The leaves turn yellow, the root neck becomes soft, an unpleasant odor appears. Avoid stagnant water and do not apply nitrogen fertilizers. Dig up the plant, hold the roots for 15 minutes in a concentrated solution of potassium permanganate and dry in the open air.

Banding. Yellow streaks and brownish spots appear due to the fungus. Yellowed leaves fly around, but the plant does not die. Treat healthy leaves with a 0.2% solution of foundationol.

Rust. Pustules with yellow powder form, leaves fall, flowering stops.

Pests

daylily mosquito- the larvae damage the buds, and they fall off. Pick off the buds with larvae and burn them.

thrips- insects living in the axils of the leaves and in the petals. Spots form on the leaves, strokes on the leaves, buds fall off. Insecticides usually do not help. Water the roots of the plant regularly, especially in dry weather.

Problems

Brittleness. If the summer is warm and humid, flower stalks often burst. The flowering continues.

Light spots on the flowers are noticeable on varieties with red, purple or violet color. The pigment of the cover of the petals burns out when it rains, replaced by a bright sun. Yellow and orange species are not threatened by these problems.

Underopening of flowers. This is a problem of individual varieties, which may disappear next year.

Popular types

• Middendorf. An early flowering cultivar with a tall stem.
• Daylily yellow. Begins to bloom at the end of May.
• Folkkor. The time of long flowering is the middle of summer.
• Partenope. Large flowers open in mid-June.

Daylily hybrid. A huge group consisting of varieties that differ in color, doubleness, aroma and flowering time.

The most common are Golden Orchid, Pink Damascus, Stafford, Scarlet Orbit, Carl Rossi.

• Daylilies benefit from watering with nettle infusion. First, pour the bush with clean water, and then with herbal infusion.
• You can spray the leaves in the evening or early in the morning, when the air temperature is more than + 12 ° C.
• Do not overfeed daylilies or the leaves will develop at the expense of the flowers.

Answers to questions from readers

How long do daylilies live?

The plant is unpretentious and can live without transplants up to 15 years. Each flower dies in the evening, but tomorrow or the day after tomorrow it is replaced by a new, often more than one, opened bud.

Why is the daylily not blooming?

There may be several reasons. Perhaps you planted a plant recently, and it has not yet had time to get comfortable. Sometimes flowering does not occur due to an excess of nitrogen fertilization, too deep planting. In areas where the sun's rays penetrate less than 6 hours a day, the flower may stop flowering.

Why do daylily leaves turn yellow?

There may be too much nitrogen or ash in the soil, perhaps the soil is acidic and dense. The viral nature of the disease is not excluded. If the land is not waterlogged and you have not applied fertilizer, spray the leaves with a solution of brilliant green (a vial per liter of water). Noticeable improvement may occur in a few days. If this measure does not help, dig up a bush, wash the roots in potassium permanganate and plant in a new place.

Daylily winter care

The winter sleep of daylilies lasts only two months. Bushes need to be covered only in harsh or snowless winters. Do not cut the leaves in the fall, and the rhizome will be sufficiently insulated. Cover young plants with spruce branches.

Daylilies are a genus of herbaceous plants from the Xantorreaceae family. He came to us from East Asia. The height of the flower depends on the species. Some plants reach 40 cm, and some even a meter.

Daylily has massive roots, which helps to survive the heat. The leaves are broad. Flowers can be of different colors, but most often yellow and orange. In general, the daylily blooms for up to 25 days, but some species bloom longer. Gardeners grow both wild and cultivated flowers.

Varieties and types

There are a huge number of species and varieties of daylily and it is not possible to tell about all of them.

Natural species of daylily are very easy to grow, due to their unpretentiousness. From this group is quite common, yellow , Middendorf . All other daylilies are hybrid and there are a lot of these varieties - more than sixty thousand.

Or terry - these plants are distinguished by the presence of additional petals near the perianth.

Popular varieties of this group: double dream , double classic , double river wai , Lacey Dolly , night ember and others.

Spider daylilies - the flowers of plants of this group are larger than the rest and look like spiders. The varieties include: grape witch , mint octopus , star twister and others.

Group fragrant daylilies it is not in vain that it is so named, since these flowers, in addition to beauty, also emit a wonderful incense. Varieties: apple spring , Stella de Oro , Od to ​​faiz , katherine woodbury , pandora box .

There are also many varieties of this type. They are called white conditionally, since the color of the flower is close to white, but not pure, but with different shades.

They have spotted or more often striped leaves.

Many plants of this species have not one color of petals, but a double color. For example: calico jack , best-seller , sabina bauer , night bacon , masquerade .

Varieties of daylily can be listed for a long time. In addition to those mentioned, in our gardens you can see france hals , darla anita , arctic snow , macbeth , moussaka , summer vine and others.

Daylilies planting and care in the open field

Planting in open ground and caring for natural species of daylily is extremely simple, but hybrid types are a little more capricious, but their general growing conditions are similar.

Daylily planting time depends on the weather conditions of your place of residence. If you plant a daylily too late, it may not have time to form roots before the cold weather. Flower growers, due to the characteristics of the flower, are advised to plant in May or August.

Before planting, place the seedlings in water so that the roots are saturated with moisture. If you are planting a large plant, then cut the rhizome to 25 cm.

The pit for the bush or part of it should be at least 30 cm deep, and free space is required around it, as the daylily grows well.

The pits are filled with sand mixed with humus and peat, ash is also added, and then bushes of plants are planted. When planting a daylily, potash-phosphorus fertilizer is introduced into the soil, which is added to the planting holes. The earth in the pits must be well compacted and watered abundantly.

Try to place the seedlings so that the roots of the flowers are no deeper than 3 cm, otherwise the development will slow down and even the death of the plants.

Daylily transplant

Daylilies live in the same area for more than ten years, but with aging, the quality of flowering decreases. If the plant begins to lose its decorative qualities, then it needs to be transplanted. You can carry out the transplant procedure at any time of the year, so do not worry if you did it in the spring, and someone advised you in the fall.

The bush must be dug up and removed from the ground very carefully so that the roots do not suffer. The soil from the rhizome must be washed off, and then divided into parts. Daylily rhizome can be kept in a dark place for about 15 days or dug in the sand if you need this delay.

Before planting, the roots are shortened to 25 cm, the leaves are also cut to 20 cm in length. In fact, the described method of transplantation is a method of reproduction of the daylily by dividing the bush.

The best place to grow daylilies is a brightly lit area. In warm climates, it grows in partial shade, but in our conditions it needs a lot of light for good flowering.

Soil for daylilies

What kind of soil to plant a daylily in is not a matter of principle, but you can buy a special mixture to get the most out of the flower.

The acidity of the soil should be neutral. Do not forget to make drainage in the area. Daylilies need to be watered only during prolonged heat, watering is carried out in the evening.

How to fertilize daylilies

In general, the issue of fertilizer depends on the level of fertility of the garden substrate. It is better to let the daylily "starve" once again than you overfeed it. But still, it is necessary to fertilize the plants twice.

The first time in the spring before flowering, when the leaves enter a period of active growth. In this case, dry complex mineral top dressing is used. After fertilizing, you need to moisten the soil well.

The second fertilizer should be done in the summer, a month after flowering.

An important point in the care of the daylily is the mulching of the soil. The bushes are mulched with three centimeters of river sand, and between the plants, compost is used for the procedure if the land is poor, and tree bark if it is fertile. Layer of material between flowers 6 cm.

If you are not mulching, then loosen the ground in a timely manner and remove weeds. After flowering, sluggish flowers should be removed. It is better to insulate daylilies for the winter.

Growing daylilies from seeds at home

Daylily can be propagated in several ways. In addition to dividing the bush, which has already been mentioned, you can try to grow a flower from seeds.

The problem here is the storage of the material. They can not be overdried, but left raw is also detrimental. You can sow the seeds before winter, after keeping them for 20-25 days in the refrigerator.

If sowing in the spring, then pre-soak the material for a week. When the seeds begin to sprout right in the water, they can be planted.

The soil for germination should be loose and the temperature should be high (25°C). Containers are covered with a transparent film, conducting ventilation.

The first shoots will appear soon. They need to be given good lighting. With watering, you need to be careful so that the flowers do not rot. At the age of three weeks, you can feed the daylily with a weak solution of fertilizer. Plant seedlings in the ground when frosts are over.

Unfortunately, problems with seed germination can occur even at the pollination stage, so seedlings are often not as dense as expected.

Daylilies propagation by cuttings

At the end of flowering, small rosettes appear on the plants, thanks to which propagation by cuttings can be carried out. Usually there are a small number of them. This rosette is left until it gains enough strength and matures. Then it is cut 4 cm up and down the stem.

If roots have not yet formed on the outlet, then you need to place it in water before any appear.

A socket with roots at the end of autumn is planted in a container with light soil and left in a warm, well-lit place. So they are left until spring, watering a little and fertilizing with a weak top dressing solution.

If frost is still two months away, then you can plant sockets in open soil. Do not deepen the cutting excessively, it is necessary that only the node with the roots be covered with earth.

Diseases and pests

• It happens that they are affected by thrips. They feed on the sap of the plant, which is why leaves turn yellow and dry . When affected by this pest, it is better to immediately burn the plant, and treat the soil with an insecticide.
• Roots can be affected by rodents or bears but this happens quite rarely.
• Daylily flowers suffer from the lily mosquito , due to the larvae of this pest, they change shape.
• Do not plant patrinia and daylily nearby, as the latter can become infected with rust from patrinia .
• Leaves may also turn yellow due to fusarium. . When diseased, the whole plant looks unhealthy. This is a fungal disease that is treated only at an early stage, and if it has developed, then the plant is burned.
• Poor blooming daylily if he does not have enough light or he suffers from excess moisture. It is also possible that you overdid it with nitrogen supplements.

20.09.2017 2 857

Beautiful daylilies, planting and care in the open field for which are very simple, feel great almost everywhere. How to feed, when to transplant, how to propagate, what to do in autumn and spring, you can also learn from the article if you read the text in full. Do not miss all the tricks of flower growers ...

Conditions for growing daylily - light, soil quality

Due to the unpretentiousness and ease in growing and caring for the daylily, the "flowers of joy" settled in the gardens of the whole world. They adorn gardens in Europe, Asia, America and even northern countries. The duration of flowering and the beauty of daylilies depend on how accurately the recommendations for planting and care will be followed.

Flowers love the sun, a site lit all day is suitable for them. It is the lack of sun that explains why the plants in the garden stopped blooming. Light shading is allowed when growing varieties with dark colored petals. Under direct sunlight, they may lose their color brightness.

The underground part of the bush is represented by stolons - thickened rhizomes, in which moisture and nutrients accumulate during periods of drought. Novice gardeners believe that thanks to them, the flower can not be watered, but this is not so - the plant needs moisture for normal growth. For planting choose moisture-intensive soil. Loam with the addition of peat and leafy soil will be ideal in this regard.

Heavy soils, prone to stagnant water, are not suitable, as on them the stolons begin to suffocate from lack of air and rot. To get beautifully flowering daylilies, planting and care in the open field should be carried out on fertile, moderately loose soils. If clay predominates in the soil, it must be diluted with coarse river sand or vermiculite.

Daylilies in the garden - pictured

Important(!) The hybrid daylily makes special demands on the quality of the soil. It blooms when grown on fertile garden soil with a high content of decayed organic matter.

The bushes are resistant to winds and drafts. They tolerate low temperatures well, so when choosing a place for these plants, you should not waste time creating screens, natural shelters from cold air currents.

Daylilies - planting in open ground, technology, selection of seedlings, timing and schemes

To get a healthy and beautiful flowering bush, planting should be done in early spring immediately after the soil thaws or towards the end of summer, when the plants have faded. It is then that the stolons contain the maximum amount of nutrients, which will contribute to better rooting of the daylily. Experienced gardeners note that the best result is obtained when plants are planted in autumn - buds are clearly visible on the roots, from which leaves and flower stalks will grow.

With them, it is much easier to divide the bush into several parts without damaging the growing points. To reduce the risk of losing plants in winter, it is important to choose the right time for planting in the fall.

For rooting, the pet will need about 45 days, so planting in the fall should be carried out 1.5 months before the soil freezes - in September or late August, depending on the region. So, in the Urals, Siberia, an earlier landing is recommended, a little later in the Moscow region, the Leningrad region, and central Russia. In the south, including the Kuban, a later landing is made.

preparation for planting daylilies - in the photo

During spring planting, there is no risk of "falling out" of plants; it also has significant disadvantages. Young daylilies for the first year may not bloom. Especially often this happens when the bush is divided incorrectly, if few buds are left on the division. It is necessary to transplant before active leaf growth, that is, April or early May, depending on the region.

In order for daylilies, whose planting and care on the open ground has its own characteristics, to grow well, the soil must be dug up to a depth of 30 cm, and the roots of weeds should be carefully removed. Planting pits should be made wider and deeper than the size of the root system of seedlings. The optimal planting pattern is 40 cm between plants in a row. Up to 70 cm between rows.

At the bottom of the pits, a mound is poured from fertile garden soil with the addition of a tablespoon of complex fertilizer for flowers in granules (nitrophoska, azofoska, nitroammophoska and the like). You can replace such a nutrient mixture with rotted manure with the addition of 100 g of wood ash. Daylily seedlings before planting should be soaked in a solution of a growth and rooting stimulator for 5-6 hours, for this they use:

• 2 g / 1 l of water
• Gibbersib 1 g/1 liter of water
• Heteroauxin 1 tablet / 5 l of water

After soaking, the stolons and roots are examined, the damaged parts are cut off, the wounds are dusted with crushed coal. After that, pets are planted in prepared pits. The roots are straightened along the mounds, covered with garden soil so that the growth bud is at a depth of 1-2 cm. Planted plants are watered, and then pour the earth into places where the soil has settled. Further care for the daylily consists of watering, fertilizing.

Daylily care all year round

In order for daylilies to bloom, planting and care in the open field must follow without the slightest interruption. About 1.5 months, until the flowers form a full-fledged root system, it is recommended to reduce watering. At this stage, a lot of moisture is not needed, as they extract it from the stolons, and a large amount of water in the soil provokes rotting of the root system. When leaving and watering, water should not be allowed to get on the leaves, as they can rot at the base.

With proper preparation of the soil and planting pit, daylilies do not need top dressing in the first year; in subsequent years, the plant is fed three times per season. What nutrients does a daylily require, how to feed it at different periods:

1. After germination, nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers - urea (15 g / 1 sq. M.) And superphosphate (20 g / 1 sq. M.)
2. During the formation of buds with potash fertilizers - potassium sulfate (15 g / 1 sq. M.) Or wood ash (1 glass / 1 sq. M.)
3. In autumn - leaf compost (leafy soil) and humus (up to 3 kg / 1 sq. M.)

Since it is necessary to take care of the daylily not only by watering and fertilizing, gardeners will have to take care of the absence of weeds and maintaining a normal level of moisture in the soil by mulching the plantings. Daylilies feel good if you keep the beds with them all summer under a mulch of pine needles with the addition of peat. With the onset of cold weather in late October or November, the mulch layer is increased to 30 cm, and in early spring, immediately after the snow melts, it is removed.

For a culture such as daylilies, planting and care in the open field, carried out according to all the rules, is the only way to achieve lush flowering, a little more hassle, and the garden will be painted with hundreds of bright flashes.